Abstract
Remote sensing makes it possible to map potential geothermal site for a large area effectively using thermal infrared. The purpose of the present research is to overlay ground temperature, resistivity and satellite retrieved temperature in identifying geothermal potential site in Jaboi, Sabang-Indonesia. The data of acquisition of the DEM imagery was January 3rd, 2009 and the Landsat 8 imagery is July 18th, 2017. The satellite data were applied to extract the land surface temperature and land classification across. Two supporting data in situ were used to validate the results from remote sensing. First dataset was ground temperature measurements with total 114 points and second dataset was vertical electrical sounding (VES) with total of 51 points. Satellite, VES and ground temperature data were processed and analysed using the Envi 5.3, PCI Geomatica 2016 and ArcMap 10.4. The results from each data were integrated to produce a map shows geothermal potential. Its integration produced four areas which were considered to have high geothermal potential. However, these areas vary in term of the clustering of the features of interest, for example lineament and drainage density of the area, high temperature in the surface area, fault existence and low resistivity subsurface. All the features must take into consideration to rank potential area which has higher potential. Finally, a map of geothermal potential across were successfully created as an insight for future reference.
Highlights
Heat source that is trapped under the Earth’s crust well is known as geothermal
This study aimed to identify geothermal potential sites at a large scale effectively using satellite data retrieve from Landsat-8 and validate the retrieval results data with vertical electrical sounding, supporting data of geological map and ground temperature measurements
Some of the locations have manmade objects which are capable to give relatively high temperature when monitored by the satellites, not all of them were considered as geothermal potentials site (Zhang et al 2012)
Summary
Heat source that is trapped under the Earth’s crust well is known as geothermal. Volcanoes, fumaroles, hot springs and other geological thermal phenomenon on the surface of the earth are the manifestation of the geothermal hotspots site (low or high temperature) beneath the surface (Bayer et al 2019; Hochstein and Sudarman 1993; Qin et al 2011; Taqiuddin et al 2016; Risdianto and Kusnadi 2010). Geothermal system consists of reservoirs (hot or cold temperature). The hot reservoir in the geothermal system is the bulk of rocks from which heat can be extracted. This contains various gases, vapour and fluids in relatively high temperature. The remote sensing technology applicability to detect spatial patterns such as thermal anomaly offers a cheap and useful technique (Calvin and Pace 2016). Technological advancement in remote sensing (satellite sensor: optical or thermal) nowadays makes it feasible to map potential geothermal heat anomalies at a large scale effectively by utilizing various features aboard the satellites that can assist in determining geothermal activity such as land surface temperature, land feature classification, lineaments mapping and drainage.
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