Abstract
Low elevation angles (between −3 deg and 3 deg) under bright temperatures (LEATBs) have not been efficiently employed in microwave remote sensing. LEATB data with horizontal polarization in the X-band and sea surface wind speed (SSWS) data, measured during an experiment in 2019, showed that when the SSWS is ≤4.9 m / s, the relationship between the brightness temperature ratio and SSWS is the opposite of that when the SSWS is over 4.9 m / s. Investigating the causes of this event, a LEATB-based simplified SSWS remote sensing method was developed. The results demonstrated that when the SSWS is below 4.9 m / s, the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the SSWS sensing is as low as 0.9544 m / s. However, when the SSWS exceeds 4.9 m / s, the corresponding RMSE is bound to 1.1349 m / s.
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