Abstract
Settlement is one of the most important deformation characteristics of high concrete faced rockfill dams (CFRDs, >100 m). High CFRDs safety would pose a great threat to the security of people’s lives and property downstream if this kind of deformation were not to be measured correctly, as traditional monitoring approaches have limitations in terms of durability, coverage, and efficiency. It has become urgent to develop new monitoring techniques to complement or replace traditional monitoring approaches for monitoring the safety and operation status of high CFRDs. This study examines the Shuibuya Dam (up to 233.5 m in height) in China, which is currently the highest CFRD in the world. We used space-borne Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time series to monitor the surface deformation of the Shuibuya Dam. Twenty-one ALOS PALSAR images that span the period from 28 February 2007 to 11 March 2011 were used to map the spatial and temporal deformation of the dam. A high correlation of 0.93 between the InSAR and the in-situ monitoring results confirmed the reliability of the InSAR method; the deformation history derived from InSAR is also consistent with the in-situ settlement monitoring system. In addition, the InSAR results allow continuous investigation of dam deformation over a wide area that includes the entire dam surface as well as the surrounding area, offering a clear picture continuously of the dam deformation.
Highlights
Dam safety is a major issue in hydraulic engineering, especially for high concrete faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) [1,2]
There are more than 50 CFRDs higher than 100 m that have been constructed in China
Because theonly ground measurements only map vertical settlement, we considered deformation in the vertical direction settlement, we considered deformation in the vertical direction for our Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) measurements, and mean velocity and LOS time series were both converted into vertical direction measurements
Summary
Dam safety is a major issue in hydraulic engineering, especially for high concrete faced rockfill dams (CFRDs) [1,2]. Because CFRDs are easy to construct and cost effective, they are becoming a preferred dam type in hydraulic engineering, and have been constructed all over the world [2]. Dam (179 m) in China [3,4]. There are more than 50 CFRDs higher than 100 m that have been constructed in China. A number of 300 m-high earth-rock-fill dams are being constructed in western China, such as the Qizong Dam (356 m, a central core rockfill dam (CCRD)), and the Rumei Dam (315 m, CFRD). Monitoring the deformation of high CFRDs poses a major challenge because of the limitations of traditional approaches
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