Abstract
In recent years, various tactile displays having the ability to change their surface friction have been proposed. These displays can express many types of textures and shapes that the materials used for them do not possess. In our study, we found that the ultrasound converged on the surface of polystyrene foam reduces the surface friction. This method has potential applications in disposable and three-dimensional tactile displays. In this study, physical and psychophysical experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and to examine the basic conditions under which it is perceived. As a result, we confirmed that the surface friction was reduced on the polystyrene foam, which may be due to the squeeze film effect caused by the external ultrasound excitation of the surface.
Highlights
V ARIOUS tactile displays that have been recently introduced successfully change surface friction and reproduce many types of textures and shapes
A “friction-change” type tactile display is mainly categorized into two types: One type uses electrostatic forces to increase the adhesion to the surface, which is perceived as a higher friction surface [4], and the other type uses a squeeze film effect from the ultrasound to reduce surface friction [5]
We found that the most effective friction reduction was observed on polystyrene foam with a density of 17.6 kg/m3, in which polystyrene foam was used as the target surface
Summary
V ARIOUS tactile displays that have been recently introduced successfully change surface friction and reproduce many types of textures and shapes. Some studies have reported that the operability of touchscreens can be improved by providing tactile feedback to the finger [2] [3]. A “friction-change” type tactile display is mainly categorized into two types: One type uses electrostatic forces to increase the adhesion to the surface, which is perceived as a higher friction surface [4], and the other type uses a squeeze film effect from the ultrasound to reduce surface friction [5]. Based on the finger positions, these studies display several types of textures by controlling the friction. It is known that such changes in the tangential force can be perceived as changes in the surface irregularities [6]. Frictional tactile displays can be applied to various domains
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