Religious Buildings Need Not Apply

Abstract

When religious groups want to purchase land for a new building or alter an existing structure, they may have to apply to a municipal government for approval. When they present a proposal, how often are they approved? Are religious groups treated differently? Looking at zoning proposals from religious groups in three Chicago suburbs over five years, the authors find that although the majority of requests are approved, religious groups do receive differential treatment, and Muslim groups encountered more opposition. Additionally, features of the land and/or building could lead to more conflict, including locations near residences, and different local governments and residents could generate more opposition. These findings suggest the strong desire religious groups can have for their buildings may come in conflict with what neighbors and officials want; this leads to negotiations and occasionally tension.