Abstract
Those in charge of tourism destinations face the need to create tourism development models compatible with the essence of the localities that they manage. These models have to be sustainable, both environmentally and socially, and also must become drivers of the local economy. However, tourists also generate negative impacts in the locality which, when they are perceived by the residents, can give rise to a rejection of visitors. Hence, improving the tourism management is necessary. This is why to know the residents’ perceptions about the impacts of tourism is essential. Moreover, measuring the impact effects on their satisfaction with the public administration of the destination can be of great usefulness. This study falls into this research line, as it proposes a model to measure these impacts and their effect on satisfaction. To do so, an empirical study is performed among residents in the city of Seville (southern Spain, one of the most visited destinations in the world), based on subjective economic, social, and environmental indicators. The results show that the citizens value three types of impacts, the social impact coming after the economic impact as to its influence on their satisfaction with the administration. Based on this, we postulate that the efforts made to attract events to the city, or to improve connections to access a broader market, must be approached as public procurements in which selection criteria that are compatible with the destination’s positioning and strategy prevail. Social and environmental criteria should be considered among these criteria.
Highlights
The consideration of consumption as a driver of the economy has for years fostered a lifestyle, which gives rise to serious social imbalances and the threat of a scarcity of energy, water, and other resources
For example, among the objective indicators we find the number of overnight stays, the relative contribution of tourism to the economy of the tourism destination in question, the daily expenditure per tourist who stays overnight, the occupancy rate in commercial lodgings, the residents employed in the tourism sector, seasonal employment, tourism businesses, business permits and licenses, revenues generated, etc. [13,18]
This research sought to find out the effect that economic, social, and environmental impacts perceived by the residents in a tourism destination have on satisfaction with the public administration of tourism
Summary
The consideration of consumption as a driver of the economy has for years fostered a lifestyle, which gives rise to serious social imbalances and the threat of a scarcity of energy, water, and other resources. Though the concept of sustainability comes from the environmental field [17], there does seem to be a greater consensus concerning the integral study of sustainability, the economic and socio-cultural impacts, as well as the environmental impact being mainly considered as those most relevant in tourism [9,15] In this line, the European Commission offered in 2013 the “European Tourism Indicators System (ETIS)” as a tool, of voluntary use, so that destinations may measure and control the results of their tourism administration in terms of sustainability, using a common comparable approach. In this line, applying methodologies that allow to measure relationships among host satisfaction, tourism impact perception, personal benefits from tourism, attitude towards tourism, etc., are recommendable [33,34]
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