Relevance of cross-cultural understanding for evaluations in development practice

Abstract

In the evaluation profession, there is shared agreement that cross-cultural understanding is relevant for those working in communities and countries different from their own. This helps inform the selection of appropriate approaches, tools and processes. Perhaps more importantly, the concept of evaluation itself could be considered through a cross-cultural lens; such consideration may reveal a lack of shared understanding between different cultures. The idea of evaluation reflects values about change, development and risk; knowledge and wisdom; access to information and education; the completion of tasks; and, the maintenance of harmonious relationships. These values are not necessarily shared universally. This article draws links between understanding differences in cultural values and the practice of evaluation in international development—beyond the level of culturally appropriate method selection. A widely used model for understanding cultural value differences is applied to the concept of evaluation and it raises questions about the idea itself. Notwithstanding this analysis, the article applies the model to practice and considers implications for those involved in commissioning and undertaking evaluations. To maximise relevance of the article for practitioners, a suggested set of skills is provided to support effective cross-cultural evaluation processes. The article brings together learning from multiple disciplines to the practice of cross-cultural evaluation. It is particularly relevant for Australian and New Zealand audiences and those working in Pacific and Asian countries, however, the issues are global. The article also raises some conceptual questions, which are relevant to cross-cultural evaluation practice.