Abstract
AimsTo investigate the impact of Interleukin-16 (IL- 16) and Adiponectin (ANP) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), gene- gene interactions and haplotype on late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) risk.MethodsHardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), haplotype and pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis were investigated by using SNPstats (available online at http://bioinfo.iconcologia.net/SNPstats). Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to examine interaction among 4 SNPs, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confident interval (95%CI) were calculated by logistic regression model.ResultsLOAD risk was significantly higher in carriers of rs266729- G allele than those with CC genotype (CG+ GG versus CC), OR (95%CI) =1.61 (1.26-1.96), and higher in carriers of rs1501299- T allele, OR (95%CI) = 1.62 (1.32-2.12), lower in carriers of rs4072111- T allele, adjusted OR (95%CI) =0.65 (0.44-0.93). We also found a significant gene- gene interaction between rs266729 and rs4072111. Participants with CG or GG of rs266729 and CC of rs4072111 genotype have the highest LOAD risk, OR (95%CI) = 2.62 (1.64 -3.58). Haplotype containing the rs266729- G and rs1501299- T alleles were associated with increased LOAD risk, OR (95%CI)= 1.83 (1.32- 2.43), and haplotype containing the rs1131445- C and rs4072111- T alleles were associated with decreased LOAD risk, OR (95%CI)= 0.53 (0.18- 0.95).ConclusionsWe concluded that rs266729 and rs1501299 minor alleles were associated with increased LOAD risk, but rs4072111 minor allele was associated with decreased LOAD risk. We also found that interaction involving rs266729 and rs4072111, and haplotype combinations were associated with LOAD risk.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was a kind of diseases occurred in middle and old age [1], and was associated with some neurological symptoms and cognitive problems, including memory impairment, leading by neurodegeneration or synapse loss leading to and other cognitive problems [2]
To date, just two previous studies [11,12] were conducted on the association between IL-16 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AD risk, but just one study focused on the correlation of rs4072111, rs1131445 polymorphisms and late-onset AD (LOAD) risk [11]
Some studies [13, 14] have reported the association between ANP gene polymorphisms and some metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, but just one study [15] have focused on the association between ANP gene polymorphisms and LOAD
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was a kind of diseases occurred in middle and old age [1], and was associated with some neurological symptoms and cognitive problems, including memory impairment, leading by neurodegeneration or synapse loss leading to and other cognitive problems [2]. Studies [9] indicated that IL-16 levels increased in AD patients, confirming that IL-16 may play an important role www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget in the progression of AD [9]. To date, just two previous studies [11,12] were conducted on the association between IL-16 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AD risk, but just one study focused on the correlation of rs4072111, rs1131445 polymorphisms and LOAD risk [11]. Rs266729and rs1501299 were two common SNPs. Some studies [13, 14] have reported the association between ANP gene polymorphisms and some metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, but just one study [15] have focused on the association between ANP gene polymorphisms and LOAD
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