Relationship of beta-hydroxybutyrate hyperproduction and intensity of gluconeogenesis in cows in the earlt new-calving period on the background of subclinical and clinical ketosis

Abstract

The article presents the results of a routine examination of cows on the fifth day after calving for the content of betahydroxybutyric acid and glucose in the blood. Out of a total number of analyzes from 452 cows, results from 208 animals with elevated levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate were selected and grouped according to this indicator. An analysis of the ratio of the indicator with the level of glucose in the blood of cows was carried out and an inversely proportional relationship was found within the range of beta-hydroxybutyrate from 1.0 to 3.4 mmol/l. Further growth of BHB occurs in conjunction with the development of hypoglycemia. A decrease in glucose levels is the cause of not only the activation of ketogenesis, but also the triggering of protein proteolysis and gluconeogenesis based on amino acids. Therefore, an increase in the level of βhydroxybutyric acid to 3.65 ± 0.10 mmol/l is accompanied by an imaginary normalization of the glucose concentration, although this mechanism of glucose conversion is maintained due to an extremely undesirable process in this period protein catabolism. An increase in the BHB level above 4.0 mmol/l leads to uncoupling of gluconeogenesis and a decrease in glucose below the physiologically acceptable values. When conducting a correlation analysis, a strong negative relationship was found in the concentration range of β-hydroxybutyric acid (according to the average group values) from 1.20±0.01 to 3.20±0.11 (r= 0.97). In the study within the entire studied range from 1.20±0.01 to 4.80±0.17, the interaction strength decreases (r= -0.59).