Abstract
Way Betung watershed is one of the important water resources in Lampung Province and it provides a clean water for Bandar Lampung City through a regional water supply company (PDAM). By the increase of population and economical activities of Bandar Lampung City, the need of clean water also increase, however by the time, the conditions of Way Betung watershed as water resources are declining. Therefore, to improve or to restore Way Betung watershed, a high cost is needed. The research was aimed: (a) to study the effects of Way Betung watershed land use change on the water resources of Bandar Lampung City, (b) to arrange the sustainable development of Way Betung watershed in order to maintain the availability of water resources. The sustainable developments of water resources of Way Betung watershed were arranged in five alternatives/scenarios and each alternative was related to its erosion (USLE method) and its run off volume (SCS method). The results showed that land use changes of Way Betung watershed (1991-2006) were likely to increase daily maximum discharge (Q max), to decrease daily minimum discharge (Q min), to increase fluctuation of river discharge, and to increase yearly run off coeffcient. The best sustainable development of water resources of Way Betung watershed, Lampung Province, was alternative/scenario-4 (forest as 30% of watershed areas + alley cropping in the mix garden). This alternative will decrease erosion to the level lower than tolerable soil loss and also decrease fluctuation of monthly run off. Keywords: Land use change, run off coefficient, water resources, watershed
Highlights
The policy for decreasing fertilizer subsidy and the high price of inorganic fertilizers as well as the limited non renewable natural resources encourage farmer to utilize renewable natural resources, such as soil microbes which are used as fertilizer are an effort to increase agricultural production
Addition of NPK dosage with Commercial Biofertilizer 1 (CBF1) showed no specific effect on caisim plant height, while the highest plant height was obtained at the combinations of NPK-rec + 3⁄4 CBF1 (Tabel 4 and Figure1)
Combination of 3⁄4 dosage NPK-rec + CBF1 application had RAE value 163%, this indicated that the effectiveness of CBF1 was optimum, that means it could reduce the need for NPK fertilizer by 25% and provided increasing yield 63% compared to NPK-rec application
Summary
The policy for decreasing fertilizer subsidy and the high price of inorganic fertilizers as well as the limited non renewable natural resources encourage farmer to utilize renewable natural resources, such as soil microbes which are used as fertilizer are an effort to increase agricultural production. Various soil microbes play a role in providing nutrients, producing growth hormone, and producing substances anti-diseases plants. Commercial Biofertilizer 1 (CBF1) is a type of biofertilizers that contains some microbial and plant growth regulators. The use of biofertilizer as an attempt to increase fertilizer efficiency is a good opportunity to be able to obtain decent and sustainable profits for farmers. El-Kholy (2005) and Javaid (2011) reported the increasing of crop growth and yield by applying biofertilizers. L) is a leaf vegetable plant from the Cruciferae family that has a high economic value besides the other leaf vegetable plants
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