Relationship between Knowledge and Self-Efficacy of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) poses a significant threat to global health. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in the 10th edition of the Diabetes Atlas, DM has become one of the most rapidly escalating global health emergencies. In 2021, 537 million people in the world were living with DM. This number is projected to reach 643 million by 2030, and 783 million by 2045. Indonesia is in the top 10 countries with the most DM patients, reaching 10 million people. Self-efficacy in DM patients, shows the results that there are still many patients who have low efficacy. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: This quantitative research utilized a cross-sectional design involving 165 patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus undergoing outpatient treatment. A purposive sampling technique was applied, and data were analyzed using bivariate analysis to assess the relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy. The sample in this study amounted to 165 people with purposive sampling technique . The analysis method used was bivariate analysis to see the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that a significant relationship with a positive direction, namely, the higher the value of knowledge the higher the value of self-efficacy, and the strength of the moderate correlation between knowledge and self-efficacy. With moderate correlation strength. The coefficient of determination is 0.228, which means that the knowledge variable affects self-efficacy by 22.8% for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship, positive direction and moderate correlation strength between knowledge and self-efficacy in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In this regard, nursing can provide a preventive effort on cognitive aspects such as providing education on the importance of self-efficacy.