Relationship between cytochrome P450 3A5 gene polymorphism and the expected antihypertensive efficacy of amlodipine in hypertensive Kazak and Uygur patients in Xinjiang

Abstract

Objective To investigate the relationship between the ethnic difference in cytochrome P450 3A5(CYP3A5) gene polymorphism and the expected antihypertensive efficacy of amlodipine in patients with essential hypertension in Xinjiang Kazak and Uygur ethnic groups. Methods From November 2015 to April 2017, 197 palients with primary hypertension in the first Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were enrolled, of which Kazak 99 cases and Uygur 98 cases.Extracted peripheral blood DNA, PCR fluorescence probe technique and DNA sequencing were used to detect the polymorphism of CYP3A5 gene.The chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between the ethnic difference in CYP3A5 gene polymorphism and the expected antihypertensive efficacy of amlodipine in patients with essential hypertension in Xinjiang Kazak and Uygur ethnic groups. Results The CYP3A5*3/*3 gene frequency of Kazak nationality(81.82%, 81/99) was significant higher than that in Uygur patients(63.27%, 62/98)(χ2=8.74, P=0.008). After adjusted for baseline blood pressure, body mass index, blood lipid, sex and age, the highly sensitive frequency, moderately sensitive frequency and low sensitive frequency of 197 cases of primary hypertension to the expected efficacy of amlodipine were 77.16%(152/197), 22.34%(44/197), 0.51%(1/197), respectively; 99 cases in Kazak patients with hypertension were 83.84%(83/99), 16.17%(16/99), 0.00%(0/99), respectively; 98 cases of Uygur patients with essential hypertension were 70.41%(69/98), 28.57%(28/98), 1.02%(1/98), respectively.The amlodipine was expected to have a statistically significant difference in therapeutic efficacy (χ2=5.46, P=0.033). Logistic regression showed that the CYP3A5 genetic national difference was associated with the expected antihypertensive efficacy of amlodipine (OR=2.11, P=0.035). Conclusions There is ethnic difference in CYP3A5 gene in Xinjiang Kazak and Uygur primary hypertension patients.The sensitivity of amlodipine in Xinjiang Kazak patients with hypertension is higher than that of Uygur patients. Key words: Hypertension; Cytochrome P450 3A5; Amlodipine