Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the related risk factors of periodontal health status among Chinese middle school students.MethodsThis study is a part of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey, which is by far the largest oral epidemiological survey in China, including all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in mainland China. A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select middle school students aged 12–15 from the sampled middle school for investigation. The survey consisted of two parts: oral examination and questionnaire survey. The oral examination included gingival bleeding and calculus. The questionnaire included sociodemographic information, oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. Logistic regression and generalized linear mixed model were used to investigate the risk factors of gingival bleeding and calculus.ResultsA total of 118,514 middle-school students has been examined. Less gingival bleeding (OR = 0.746, CI 0.718–0.774) and calculus (OR = 0.550, CI 0.529–0.527) were found in 12-year-old group compared to 15-year-old group. The periodontal health status of males was worse than that of females (gingival bleeding OR = 1.102, CI 1.074–1.132, calculus OR = 1.258, CI 1.223–1.295). Besides age and gender, region, living place, ethnic groups, family structure, parent’s education level, oral health knowledge and behavior were also related to gingival bleeding and calculus.ConclusionsGingival bleeding and calculus occurred most of 12–15 years old adolescents in China. Several related factors, such as gender, age, ethnicity, father’s education level, oral health knowledge and behavior, were found in multi-factorial models. The impact of province should arouse people’s attention.
Highlights
To investigate the related risk factors of periodontal health status among Chinese middle school students
Gingival bleeding and calculus are the prelude of occurrence of periodontal disease and they are common in adolescents [5]
For the middle-school students, the periodontal problems usually performed as plaque, calculus, gingival bleeding, while shallow pocket depth and attachment loss were not common [6]
Summary
To investigate the related risk factors of periodontal health status among Chinese middle school students. Severe periodontitis, affecting approximately more than one-tenth of whole population in the world, is one of the most common oral diseases [1]. It is regarded as a public health problem due to the high prevalence, impairing the quality of life and causing disability [2, 3]. Gingival bleeding and calculus are the prelude of occurrence of periodontal disease and they are common in adolescents [5]. For the middle-school students, the periodontal problems usually performed as plaque, calculus, gingival bleeding, while shallow pocket depth and attachment loss were not common [6]. In the group of 15–16-year-old adolescents of Finland, the prevalence of early periodontitis was between 10 and 15% [7]
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