Abstract

The ancient city of Gabii—an Italian polity of the first millennium BC and a peer to early Rome—has often been presented as an example of urban decline, a counterpoint to Rome's rise from a collection of hilltop huts to a Mediterranean hegemon. Here the authors draw on the results from recent excavations at Gabii that challenge such simplistic models of urban history. Diachronic evidence documenting activity at the site over the course of 1400 years highlights shifting values and rhythms materialised in the maintenance, transformation and abandonment of different urban components. This complex picture of adaptation and resilience provides a model of ancient urbanism that calls into question outdated narratives of urban success and failure.

Highlights

  • In the popular mind, the rise of ancient Rome from clusters of prehistoric hilltop huts to imperial metropole is presented as a quintessential success story

  • Drawing from Gabii’s nearly 2000-year trajectory, we argue for a model of Gabine urbanism that encapsulates diverse, successful iterations of a single urban community

  • In the context of archaeological scholarship, it is difficult to discuss urbanisation and cities without talking about state formation; and it is difficult to discuss state formation without addressing the levers of power—political, social and economic—which are often divorced from the value systems and choices that drive lived experiences

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Summary

Research Article

The ancient city of Gabii—an Italian polity of the first millennium BC and a peer to early Rome—has often been presented as an example of urban decline, a counterpoint to Rome’s rise from a collection of hilltop huts to a Mediterranean hegemon. The authors draw on the results from recent excavations at Gabii that challenge such simplistic models of urban history. Diachronic evidence documenting activity at the site over the course of 1400 years highlights shifting values and rhythms materialised in the maintenance, transformation and abandonment of different urban components. This complex picture of adaptation and resilience provides a model of ancient urbanism that calls into question outdated narratives of urban success and failure

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