Abstract
The Aughinish Alumina Limited (AAL) Bayer Plant in South West Ireland produces approximately 1.7 million tonnes of alumina per annum. During the Bayer Process, two distinct residue fractions are produced and separated before disposal. These residues are differentiated into a fine fraction 'red mud' and a coarse fraction of 'process sand'. The principal residue, red mud, is produced at a rate of approximately 1.05 million tonnes per annum and about 0.15 million tonnes of process sand is also produced. There are an estimated 84 global alumina producers generating an estimated 65+ M tonnes of processing residue per annum (Prasad et al., 1996).
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