Rehabilitation of Postextractive Socket in the Premaxilla: A 12-Year Study on 27 Titanium Plasma Spray Resorbable Calcium Phosphate Coated Single Implants.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the peri-implant bone tissue level on postextractive resorbable calcium phosphate coated single implants placed in premaxillary sites grafted with autologous bone, anorganic bovine bone (ABB), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and keratinized epithelial connective graft over 12 years. A total of 27 patients received a postextractive single implant in premaxillary sites grafted with ABB and PRP. Two months later, a keratinized epithelial connective graft was applied and the implants loaded. Clinical and radiographical evaluations were performed at baseline, 6 and 18 months, 4 and 6 years after the implant insertion, and then every 2 years up to the 12th year. After 12 years, a total of 22 implants (81.48%), were available for the final data analysis; the implants achieved a 100% cumulative survival rate, and only a mild degree of periodontal tissue inflammation was recorded. The radiographic evaluation revealed a physiological marginal bone remodeling over the follow-up. Although a good preservation of the residual bone tissue in postextraction implant sites treated with keratinized epithelial connective tissue grafts was observed, the low number of treated cases does not allow us to propose this experimental protocol to all cases of bone defects but it certainly represents a new option. Further studies on a greater number of patients and using implants with different surface characteristics should be conducted for a better understanding of the indications of the proposed treatment.