REGISTROS DA MASTOFAUNA DO PARQUE ESTADUAL DA MATA SECA, MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL

Eumeninae is the subfamily with the highest number of species among Vespidae family, with more than 3,750 species and 210 genera identified worldwide. Some ecosystems are subsampled, such as the decidual seasonal forest, also known as dry forest. Thus, this study aims to execute the inventory of the Eumeninae community in decidual seasonal forest in the Parque Estadual da Mata Seca, Minas Gerais. The study took place from February to December 2021, executing active search and using malaise traps. A total of 90 individuals, belonging to 30 species, was collected, which characterize this study as the fourth highest list of Eumeninae for Brazil, even with a smaller sampling effort than other similar studies. In this study, 40% of the collected species are rare, having been collected only once. The most abundant species were Pachodynerus brevithorax (Saussure, 1853), Hypalastoroides brasiliensis (Saussure, 1856), Pachymenes ater (Saussure, 1852) and Montezumia petiolata (Saussure, 1855). This research shows how the Neotropical Eumeninae fauna is still little explored, indicating the need for more research to be conducted with this taxon, especially in environments without exploration such as the decidual seasonal forest.

Este estudo teve como objetivo relacionar as variações na riqueza e estrutura da comunidade arbórea com variáveis edáficas em um gradiente de floresta ciliar, no Parque Estadual da Mata Seca, Norte de Minas Gerais. Os estudos das variáveis edáficas e da diversidade e estrutura da vegetação arbórea (DAP ≥ 5 cm) foram conduzidos em 39 parcelas de 400 m², divididas equitativamente em três trechos previamente selecionados, sendo eles: São Francisco (menor teor de umidade), Meio (alagamento durante a maior parte do ano) e Lagoa da Prata (alagamento durante a estação chuvosa). A análise de solo superficial (0 a 20 cm) evidenciou diferenças significativas entre os diferentes trechos florestais. Nos três ambientes foram amostrados 2.482 indivíduos, pertencentes a 36 espécies, 31 gêneros e 16 famílias botânicas. Houve diferença significativa nos diferentes trechos no índice de diversidade de Shannon, número de indivíduos, área basal e dominância absoluta. A distribuição diamétrica da comunidade apresentou grande número de indivíduos nas menores classes, decrescendo gradualmente. Vale salientar que a área basal e a densidade de indivíduos obtiveram correlações significativas com a maior parte das variáveis edáficas analisadas. Assim, a estrutura dos três trechos estudados está correlacionada com os fatores texturais, químicos e umidade do solo, ocasionando variações fitossociológicas nas comunidades estudadas.

Dichromate oxidation and dry combustion analysis were evaluated as reference methods to determine organic carbon in Brazilian soils using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as an alternative. The main objective of this study was to evaluate which of the reference methods could provide a calibration model with higher predictive ability. A total of 161 soil samples obtained from horizons in full profiles (Parque Estadual da Mata Seca, Minas Gerais State, Brazil) were used. Models were mean centered and built from partial least squares. The dichromate oxidation method presented a lower accuracy when compared to dry combustion analysis as reference for NIRS. Figures of merit such as sensitivity, analytical sensitivity, detection and quantification limits, adjust and linearity presented results very similar. A paired t-test was applied to the figures of merit results and with 95% confidence did not show significant differences between the two methods used as reference for NIRS. The non-parametric Mann Whitney test showed that the samples provided with the partial least squares (PLS) model when the reference method was the dichromate oxidation or dry combustion analysis come from the same population, indicating that the reference methods employed for multivariate calibration from NIRS provide the same results practically.

Assessment of the response of tropical dry forests to El Niño southern oscillation

This study identified the main biological mechanisms governing the diversity of ants on different ecological time scales. Ants were sampled in 15 plots distributed in early, intermediate and late stages of succession (five plots per stage) at the Parque Estadual da Mata Seca, Brazil. At each sample point, unbaited pitfall traps were installed in hypogaeic, epigaeic and arboreal strata. We collected 95 ant species from 26 genera and nine subfamilies. Our results indicated that there was an increase in species richness in advanced stages of succession. We also observed that ant assemblages were different among successional stages. For the arboreal and epigaeic strata, species richness did not change with succession progression, but species composition of these two strata differed among successional stages. Unlike to arboreal and epigaeic ants, hypogaiec ant species richness was higher in the intermediate and late stages of succession and the composition of hypogaeic ants differed among successional stages. Similarity between ant species foraging in arboreal and epigaeic strata decreases with succession progression and β-diversity was higher in advanced successional stages. Additionally, species richness was higher in the dry season, whereas the composition of ant assemblages did not change between seasons. A considerable fraction of the ant assemblage was found only in advanced stages of succession, demonstrating the importance of secondary habitats in maintaining biodiversity in dry forests.

Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by the bite female sand fly. The present work is characterized as a descriptive study in two areas: a forest area located in the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, and another urban area located in the municipality of Timóteo-MG, with the objective of identifying the presence of Leishmania spp. and the blood source of the collected female sand flies. Part of the females were obtained from the Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, and part was collected using 19 ligth traps distributed in residences of Timóteo. For molecular studies of Leishmania spp. DNA, the ITS1 gene was used, and in the search for blood source, the CytB gene was used and positive samples were sequenced. The study demonstrated that there are at least three species of Leishmania circulating in the study areas: Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, and Leishmania (V.) guyanensis. Nyssomyia whitmani was the predominant sand fly species in the urban area of Timóteo with a positive diagnosis for the presence of Leishmania braziliensis DNA. We found the presence of blood from Gallus gallus (Chicken) and Sus scrofa (Pig) in sand flies. The present study demonstrates that Leishmania braziliensis is the main agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the study area, with the effective participation of Nyssomyia whitmani as the vector and both Gallus gallus and Sus scrofa acting as a food source for female sand flies, and helping maintaining the sand fly life.

Para o melhor conhecimento da flora regional, foi feita uma listagem das espécies, verificado o status de conservação e valores econômicos (usos, medicinal e alimentício), foi feito um inventário das espécies de plantas ocorrentes na Serra do Brigadeiro: na região do Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro e seu entorno. O inventário foi realizado através de compilação da literatura já publicada, compilação de exsicatas oriundas da região e disponibilizadas nos herbários CESJ, GFJP e VIC, compilação de bases de dados de herbários online (Flora e Funga do Brasil, SpeciesLink, Jabot e GBIF), e de novas coletas. Posteriormente, os dados brutos foram refinados com re- identificações e consultas a especialistas. Ao total são listadas 2.656 morfo-espécies de plantas, das quais 1.746 estão identificadas até o nível de espécie. Das 1.746 espécies identificadas, 244 spp. (ca. 14%) são Briófitas, 227 spp. (ca. 13%) são Pteridófitas, 3 spp. (ca. 0,2%) são Gimnospermas, e 1.270 spp. (ca. 73%) são Angiospermas. Estes valores representam, respectivamente, em cada grupo: ca. 16%, 16%, 2,5% e 3,5% da diversidade da flora brasileira; ca. 18%, 24%, 25% e 8% das plantas da Mata Atlântica; e ca. 30%, 31%, 10% e 9% da flora de Minas Gerais. As duas famílias com os maiores números de espécies são Orchidaceae (164 spp.) e Fabaceae (130 spp.). Cinquenta e cinco spp. estão citadas na lista oficial de espécies da flora brasileira ameaçadas de extinção. Vinte e um tipos nomenclaturais (TYPUS) são oriundos da região. Foram coletadas 46 spp. que não haviam registros prévios para a Serra. Trinta e três spp. têm potencial econômico. Frutos de 47 spp. podem ser consumidos in natura. Quarenta e nove spp. apresentam histórico de finalidade medicinal. Trinta e seis spp. são consideradas PANCs (plantas alimentícias não convencionais). Seis spp. sofrem supressão. Este é um importante checklist para a Serra que servirá de guia para estudos futuros, inclusive para o refinamento da própria lista. O número real de espécies da Serra deve ser algo entre 1.746 e 2.656 spp., visto que alguns espécimes indeterminados (determinados até nível de gênero ou família) devam corresponder a espécies ainda não citadas, e outros a espécies já citadas. Palavras-chave: Botânica. Angiosperma. Gimnosperma. Briófito. Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro.

This study is part of a floristic survey of Asteraceae in Parque Estadual do Biribiri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study area is located in Planalto de Diamantina, central portion of the Cadeia do Espinhaço in Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total of 12 field trips was carried out between August/2011 and August/2013. The Barnadesieae are represented by the genus Dasyphyllum, with three species; Gochnatieae are composed of two genera, Moquiniastrum (four spp.) and Richterago (five spp.); Naussauvieae by Trixis (two spp.); and Wunderlichieae by Wunderlichia (two spp.). Among the species found in this study seven are endemic to the Cadeia do Espinhaço in Minas Gerais: Chaptalia araneosa, Moquiniastrum hatschbachii, Richterago angustifolia, R. arenaria, R. polyphylla, Wunderlichia senae, and Dasyphylum reticulatum. This study presents a systematic treatment of the species, with descriptions, illustrations, identification keys and comments about geographical distribution.

This study presents the results of a vascular epiphytic flora survey in a fragment of the Serra da Mantiqueira, southeastern Brazil, and compares the floristic composition with that of six other altitude areas of this mountainous complex in the Minas Gerais State, using the Jaccard index and the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean algorithm. The survey was performed between September 2010 and January 2012 in the Serra do Cruz (SC), part of the Mantiqueira complex. The survey recorded 135 species, 62 genera, and 16 families. Orchidaceae and Polypodiaceae were the richest families among the angiosperms and ferns, respectively. Some species were recorded for the first time in the flora of Minas Gerais State, including Cryptophoranthus jordanensis and Pleurothallis gehrtii. Five species are threatened with extinction in Minas Gerais, cited in different categories: Epidendrum ochrochlorum, Hadrolaelia coccinea and Pleurothallis cryptophoranthoides (as Endangered, EN), and Vriesea pendulifora and Oncidium warmingii (as Vulnerable, VU). The similarity analysis showed that the composition of vascular epiphytes of the SC is more related to that of the Serra Negra and Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, and that about 60 % of this similarity is due to geographic distance, although with relatively low values of about 0.31–0.35. Although geographically close, the low similarity between the three areas reinforces the need for conservation of all remnant fragments of the Serra da Mantiqueira, to conserve the Minas Gerais flora as a whole.

Lippia rotundifolia is an aromatic species, endemic from Campos rupestres and isolated by mountains. We aimed with the research to study the genetic variability of chá-de-pedestre (Lippia rotundifolia Cham.) with natural occurrence in ten places of the State of Minas Gerais, from molecular markers of ISSR type. The places of collection were: Parque Estadual de Serra Nova; Parque Estadual Veredas do Peruaçu; Abóboras community; Gigante community; edge of Rio do Peixe; environmental preservation area of Olhos d´água; private property in Joaquim Felício; Parque Estadual do Rio Preto; São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras and brook of Rio Tigre. After the establishment of the extraction and amplification of DNA fragments with primers ISSR, an array of genetic distance was built. From this matrix, we analyzed the genetic diversity index as the allelic frequency (Na and Ne), Shannos´s index (H´), polymorphism (PLP), heterozygosity (He) and gene flow (Nm). The result showed higher genetic variability within the population (93%). The genetic diversity index was low (He = 0.132; H´= 0.214; Na = 1.111; Ne = 1.183; PLP = 56.67%). In general the species have low genetic diversity. The greatest diversity in populations occurred with an average temperature of 20°C. The Rio Tigre showed higher genetic distance and isolation.

Versieux, Leonardo M., Louzada, Rafael B., Viana, Pedro Lage, Mota, Nara, Wanderley, Maria Das Graças Lapa (2010): An illustrated checklist of Bromeliaceae from Parque Estadual do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil, with notes on phytogeography and one new species of Cryptanthus. Phytotaxa 10: 1-16, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.10.1.1

Simaba docensis, a new species of Simaroubaceae, is described and illustrated. Its geographical distribution seems to be restricted to semideciduous forest in the region of the Rio Doce basin, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Accordingly, it is likely to be a rare endemic and endangered species. It is very closely related to the only other Amazonian species of section Floribundae Engler, S. paraensis Ducke, from which it is basically distinguished by the number and shape of leaflets, leaf indument, and flower and fruit size. We describe here a new species of Simaba Aublet (Simaroubaceae), S. docensis. Its geographical distribution is apparently restricted to southeastern Minas Gerais, Brazil, in the semideciduous forest of the Rio Doce basin. The closest species to S. docensis is S. paraensis Ducke. The South American genus Simaba has 25 species, divided into three sections: Tenuiflorae, Floribundae, and Grandiflorae (Engler, 1874; Cronquist, 1944). They are trees or shrubs with pinnately compound leaves. The main diagnostic characters used to distinguish the three sections of Simaba are listed in Table 1. Section Tenuiflorae is an Amazonian taxon, whereas the other two sections are mostly extra-Amazonian. Simaba paraensis is noteworthy because it is the only Amazonian species of section Floribundae. Furthermore, it can have small flowers, as found in section Tenuiflorae, and it has stamen appendages as occur in section Grandiflorae. However, S. paraensis has large paniculate inflorescences and other flower characters similar to those found in Floribundae, which places it in this section. The new species resembles S. paraensis in its general appearance and because it has androecium characteristics of the section Grandiflorae. However, S. docensis fits better the characteristics of section Floribundae than S. paraensis because of its larger flowers. Couepia monteclarensis Prance, another endemic species of the Rio Doce basin, is also taxonomically very close to two Amazonian congeneric species: C. sandwithii Prance and C. bernardii Prance (Prance, 1989). Other field collectors (J. A. Lombardi & K. Yamamoto, pers. comm. 1999) have noticed the occurrence of Amazonian species affinities in the semideciduous forest of the Rio Doce basin. The conservation and detailed studies of this forest can help us to understand the evolution and history of the South American forests. Simaba docensis Franceschinelli & K. Yamamoto, sp. nov. TYPE: Brazil. Minas Gerais: Marli6ria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, on peninsula at Lake Helv~cio, 24 Nov. 1975 (fl), Heringer & Eiten 15182 (holotype, MO; isotype, US). Figure 1. Ad sectionem Floribundae Engler referenda, S. paraensis Ducke androecio similis, sed foliis 7-10 jugatis, foliolis subtus puberulis vel pilosis, floribus majoribus 8-10 mm longis differt. Tree 10-30 m tall. Branches glabrous with gray bark, strongly grooved and furrowed longitudinally, with prominent transversal scars due to leaf and bud abscissions. Leaves with 6-21 leaflets, usually 7-10 jugate, at apex of the branches; rachis 7.520 cm long, cylindric, puberulous. Leaflets sessile or subsessile, opposite or subopposite, interjuga 21.5 cm long. Leaflet 2.5-5 x 1.1-1.7 cm, blade oblong to obovate or elliptic, chartaceous, apex usually acute, sometimes obtuse to rounded, with gland at the tip, lateral leaflet base usually oblique and terminally cuneate, puberulent beneath with prominent central vein, glabrescent and slightly wrinkled above with prominent and puberulent central vein; lateral veins not visible. Inflorescence paniculate, 8-22 cm long, with ferrugineous tomentose axes, secondary axes 1.5-11 cm long, usually forming a right angle with the primary axis, subtended by bracts narrowly oblong to obovate with gland on the tip, 2.0-5.0 cm long, flowers at NovoN 9: 345-348. 1999. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.16 on Wed, 25 May 2016 06:45:37 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

Thelypteris semirii, known only from Minas Gerais, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species belongs to Thelypteris subg. Goniopteris, due to the indument of furcate and stellate trichomes on scales, petioles, rachises, and costae. It is most closely related to T scabra (C. Presl) Lellinger (from Argentina, Paraguay, and southeastern Brazil) because of pinna shape, disposition of indument, prominent sinuses, and unbranched trichomes on sporangial stalks. It differs by having trichomes golden or orange, stipitate, and glandular, on both surfaces of all pinnae and indusia. Stems are erect and buds are lacking in the axils of distal pinnae. Besides an early monograph by Christensen (1913) and the surveys of Brade (1972) and Sehnem (1979), nothing more on the taxonomy of the Brazilian species of the Thelypteris subg. Goniopteris (C. Presl) Duek has been published. This subgenus comprises 80 to 100 Neotropical species from Florida, the Antilles, and southern Mexico to northern Argentina and Paraguay (Smith, 1992). Thelypteris subg. Goniopteris is distinguished from other subgenera of Thelypteris by the presence of furcate or stellate trichomes on various plant parts, especially on the scales at the stem apex and in the adaxial groove of the rachis (Smith, 1983). Such trichomes are apparently lacking in a few species of subgenus Goniopteris (Smith, 1983, 1992), but are always present in Brazilian species. The major center of diversity for subgenus Goniopteris is Central America, where 41 species occur. Secondary centers are southeastern Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador. Brazil has approximately 29 species of subgenus Goniopteris, 21 of them occurring in the southeastern part of this country with at least 13 endemic to this region. In southeastern Brazil subgenus Goniopteris grows in mesic and moist shaded habitats, such as primary and secondary lowland and montane rainforests, from 0 to 1000 m, rarely reaching 1600 m. An exception is Thelypteris lugubris (Kunze ex Mettenius) R. Tryon & A. Tryon, which sometimes grows in open woods, along paths and weedy si s such as the understory of banana plantations. The present work provides the description of a new species and a key to the species of Thelypteris subg. Goniopteris of southeastern Brazil most closely related to this new species. Thelypteris semirii Salino & Melo, sp. nov. TYPE: Brazil. Minas Gerais: Marli(ria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce, Campolina, Dec. 1996, Salino 2848 (holotype, BHCB; isotypes, UC, UEC). Figure 1A-E. Species nova subgeneris Goniopteridis, Thelypteridi scabra (C. Presl) Lellinger affinis, a qua pinnis trichomatibus glandulosis stipitatis abaxialiter vestitis et caule longo erecto differt. Stems erect, with caudex to 15 cm long, scales lanceolate, brownish, with furcate and stellate trichomes, sometimes also with marginal glandular trichomes. Leaves clustered, 64-103 cm long, monomorphic. Petioles yellowish, sulcate on adaxial side, 30-55 x 0.2-0.3 cm, glabrescent to sparsely pilose, with furcate and stellate trichomes up to 1.5 mm long, also with lanceolate scales. Laminae 34-59 cm long, herbaceous to chartaceous, not verrucose, 1-pinnate to pinnatifid, apex gradually reduced, confluent and pinnatifid. Buds and aerophores absent. Rachises densely pilose in adaxial grooves, abaxially sparsely pilose with furcate and stellate trichomes, sometimes also with unbranched trichomes, abaxially sometimes stellate and furcate trichomes absent. Pinnae 11 to 20 pairs per leaf, sessile, 9-12 x 1.3-2 cm, linear-lanceola e, elliptic or lanceolate, with apex acuminate and base truncate or oblique; incised ca. 1/2 their width, with lowermost pinnae strongly deflexed, hair-like scales on abaxial side of costae. Segments 3-6 mm w de, falcate, with margins entire and apex round* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; salino@mono.icb.ufmg.br NovoN 10: 74-77. 2000. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.121 on Mon, 28 Nov 2016 04:04:15 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

A floristic survey of the Polypodiaceae in the Parque Estadual do Itacolomi is presented. This park is located in the southern limit of the Espinhaço Range, between the municipalities of Ouro Preto and Mariana (20o22’30’’ - 20o30’00’’ S and 043o32’30’’ - 043o22’30’’ W), between 660 m and 1,760 m of altitude, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The vegetation is composed mainly of rocky fields and fragments of seasonal semideciduous montane forest. Polypodiaceae is represented by 15 genera and 28 species at the park. The genera Polypodium and Serpocaulon are the most representative, with three species each. Of the nine species endemic of Brazil and recorded in the park, seven are endemic of the southeastern and southern regions of the country, and two of the Espinhaço range: Ceradenia warmingii (C.Chr.) Labiak (knwn only from Minas Gerais) and Polypodium minarum Weath. (known from the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais). Descriptions, comments, illustrations and keys for the identification of all the studied taxa are presented.

The Ibitipoca Mountains occur in southeastern Minas Gerais state, Southeast Brazil, and includes a mosaic of different vegetation types, as part of the Atlantic Forest domain. Such heterogeneity results in the occurrence of several ecotones in the region, considered essential buffer zones for maintaining biodiversity and structure among adjacent ecosystems. Given the importance of these environments for biodiversity conservation, floristic surveys are important to catalogue plant richness in natural areas, where species and landscapes have been destroyed, especially over the last decades. To contribute to increase the knowledge on the vascular Flora in the Ibitipoca Mountains, a floristic inventory was undertaken in private properties located in the boundaries of “Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca” (Ibitipoca State Park). Relevant findings of the present study include: characterization of the different vegetation types, 17 new records for the Flora of Minas Gerais, collection of 288 species never recorded in the state park (80% dissimilarity – especially due to the occurrence and size of different phytophysiognomies between these areas) and presence of 31 threatened species. In addition, discussions about conservation efforts and public policies are presented.