Abstract
The design of hydraulic structures and the assessment of flood control measures require the estimation of flood quantiles. Since observed flood data are rarely available at the specific location, flood estimation in un-gauged or poorly gauged basins is a common problem in engineering hydrology. We investigated the flood estimation method in a poorly gauged basin. The flood estimation method applied the combination of rainfall-runoff model simulation and regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA). The L-moment based index flood method was performed using the annual maximum flood (AMF) data simulated by the rainfall-runoff model. The regional flood frequency distribution with 90% error bounds was derived in the Chungju dam basin of Korea, which has a drainage area of 6648 km2. The flood quantile estimates based on the simulated AMF data were consistent with the flood quantile estimates based on the observed AMF data. The widths of error bounds of regional flood frequency distribution increased sharply as the return period increased. The results suggest that the flood estimation approach applied in this study has the potential to estimate flood quantiles when the hourly rainfall measurements during major storms are widely available and the observed flood data are limited.
Highlights
Flood estimates are needed to design hydraulic structures and assess flood control measures.Since flood data in the investigated location are rarely available, reliable estimation of flood quantiles in un-gauged or poorly gauged basins is a common problem in engineering hydrology
We investigated in the Chungju dam basin, which is located on the Namhan river in
To understand the adequacy of the simulated flood discharge, the simulation performance was assessed at two locations
Summary
Since flood data in the investigated location are rarely available, reliable estimation of flood quantiles in un-gauged or poorly gauged basins is a common problem in engineering hydrology. Various regional flood frequency analysis (RFFA) methods have been applied to estimate the flood quantiles in ungauged or poorly gauged basins [1,2]. The RFFA can be performed by pooling the flood discharge data observed at different sites within a region. It is very difficult to perform the RFFA in Korea because of limited regional flood discharge data. The flood quantiles in Korea are generally estimated using the rainfall-based design event approach. The design event approach is based on the transformation of design rainfall into design flood [3,4]
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