Abstract
The study of the carbon emission intensity of agricultural production is of great significance for the formulation of a rational agricultural carbon reduction policy. This paper examines the regional differences, spatial–temporal pattern and dynamic evolution of the carbon emission intensity of agriculture production from 1991 to 2018 through the Theil index and spatial data analysis. The results are shown as follows: The overall differences in carbon emission intensity of agriculture production presents a slightly enlarging trend, while the inter-regional differences in carbon emissions intensity is decreasing, but the intra-regional difference of carbon emissions intensity presented an expanding trend. The difference in carbon emission intensity between the eastern and central regions is not obvious, and the difference in carbon emission intensity in the western region shows a fluctuating and increasing trend. The overall differences caused by intra-regional differences; the average annual contribution of intra-regional differences is 67.84%, of which the average annual contribution of western region differences is 64.24%. The carbon emission intensity of agricultural production in China shows a downward trend, with provinces with high carbon emission intensity remaining stable, while provinces with low intensity are expanding. The Global Moran’s I index indicates that China’s carbon emission intensity of agricultural production shows a clear trend of spatial aggregation. The agglomeration trend of high agricultural carbon emission remains stable, and the overall pattern of agricultural carbon emission intensity shows a pattern of increasing differentiation from east to west.
Highlights
Balanced economic development and environment protection have become hot topics around the world
According to the available data, the agricultural carbon emissions are mainly summarized into the following four aspects [21,22,23,24,25,26,27]: The first type of carbon emissions is caused by input to agricultural production, that is, agricultural irrigation, farmland ploughing and the use of fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural plastic sheeting and the consumption of diesel fuel from agricultural machinery; the second type of carbon emissions is caused by CH4 released during the growth of rice; the third type of carbon emissions is caused by N2 O released from the soil during crop cultivation; the fourth type of carbon emissions is caused by CH4 and N2 O released from animal husbandry
The contribution of inter-regional differences showed a fluctuating downward trend, from 33.68% in 1991 to 23.37% in 2018, with an average annual decline rate of 1.21% and an average contribution rate of 32.16%. This indicates that the overall difference in the carbon emission intensity of agricultural production is increasingly dependent on the intra-regional difference, and the increase in the contribution of the difference within the region is mainly due to the gradual expansion of the difference in the carbon emission intensity of agricultural production in western China
Summary
Balanced economic development and environment protection have become hot topics around the world. Agricultural sector carbon emission reduction is an important link to improve the capability of agriculture to responses climate change; it is a necessary choice to achieve economic growth, ecological environmental development, and sustainable agricultural development. As a traditionally large agricultural country, due to different factors, there are great differences between different regions of China in the reduction of carbon emissions from agricultural economic development. It has great significance to study the regional differences and spatial and temporal variations in the carbon emission intensity of Chinese agricultural to influence the formulation and implementation of carbon emissions reduction policies in the agricultural sector.
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