Abstract
To support 360 virtual reality video streaming services, high resolutions of over 8K and network streaming technology that guarantees consistent quality of service are required. To this end, we propose 360 virtual reality video player technology and a streaming protocol based on MPEG Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP Spatial Representation Description to support the player. The player renders the downsized video as the base layer, which has a quarter of the resolution of the original video, and high-quality video tiles consisting of tiles obtained from the tiled-encoded high-quality video (over 16K resolution) as the enhanced layer. Furthermore, we implemented the system and conducted experiments to measure the network bandwidth for 16K video streaming and switching latency arising from changes in the viewport. From the results, we confirmed that the player has a switching latency of less than 1000 ms and a maximum network download bandwidth requirement of 100 Mbps.
Highlights
Video streaming is one of the most common multimedia services, and 360 virtual reality (VR) video is drawing increasing interest
Ordinary horizontal field of view (FOV) is defined as 120°, which demands a 360 VR viewport, and the FOV corresponding to the VR viewport requires 4K resolution
Switching delay is a key problem for providing quality of service (QoS) of greater than 8K resolution tiled 360 VR video streaming services
Summary
Video streaming is one of the most common multimedia services, and 360 virtual reality (VR) video is drawing increasing interest. Transmission systems are becoming increasingly complex, and it is currently difficult to guarantee quality of service (QoS) because 360 VR video, which has 4K–8K resolution, requires considerably more network bandwidth than common HD video streaming services. Existing hardware video decoders have limits on their specifications, which implies that they cannot handle high-resolution video.[1,2]. Several studies on video processing for resolutions higher than 4K and high-quality network-adaptive video have been performed. The highefficiency video coding (HEVC) standard was made scalable through scalable high-efficiency video coding (SHVC); SHVC was approved recently as a standard by the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding.[3,4,5] SHVC has critical limits on latency, which occurs when the user’s field of view (FOV) is changed because it uses tiles corresponding to only the region of interest (ROI).[4,6,7] ordinary horizontal FOV is defined as 120°, which demands a 360 VR viewport, and the FOV corresponding to the VR viewport requires 4K resolution.
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