Abstract
To observe the possibility of producing haploid plants of Chrysanthemum, anthers of three Korean cultivars ‘Yes Morning’, ‘Hi-Maya’, and pot cultivar ‘Peace Pink’ were cultured. Callus induction among cultivars differed little, but equally good results were obtained with the basal MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L of 2,4-D, 2 mg/L of BA, 250 mg/L of casein hydrolysate, 45 g/L of sucrose; solidified by 2.75 g/L gelrite. A pretreatment of anthers in media at 4 °C for 48h enhanced the callus induction. Calli were allowed to differentiate on basal MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of BA, 0.1 mg/L of NAA, 30 g/L of sucrose; solidified by 2.75 g/L gelrite. Shoot formation from calli in that media slightly differed among cultivars. Multiple shoots elongated from calli were shifted to basal MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L of NAA, 30 g/L of sucrose; solidified by 3 g/L gelrite for rooting. The plantlets with sufficient roots thus obtained were acclimatized and transferred to the soil. Fifty regenerated plantlets from each cultivar were randomly selected for ploidy observation by chromosome counting and haploid plantlet was detected for the garden cultivar ‘Yes morning’.
Highlights
Chrysanthemum is one of the most popular ornamentals in the world, includes about 40 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae
The ability to regenerate whole plants from tissue culture has been achieved in Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) by a number of groups using various species and cultivars, basal media, different plant growth regulator (PGR) and media additive combinations and concentrations, resulting organogenesis from a number of explant sources including: stems, Khandakar RKMD S. et al / Not Bot Horti Agrobo, 2014, 42(2):482-487 axillary buds, leaves, shoot tips or apical meristems, protoplasts, roots, pedicels and florets (Teixeira da Silva, 2003a; Rout et al, 2006; Teixeira da Silva et al, 2012)
The induction of callus was quick and high on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L of 2, 4-D + 2.0 mg/L of 6-BA + 4.5% W/V sucrose
Summary
Chrysanthemum is one of the most popular ornamentals in the world, includes about 40 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It is preferred for its wide range of shapes and colors of flowers, long lasting vase life, and diversity in height and growth habit (Mukherjee et al, 2013). These plants have both aesthetic and medicinal value and have economic importance in many countries including Korea. The in vitro androgenesis technique enables a faster generation of virtually fully homozygous lines but until now, to the best of our knowledge, there are few published reports about anther culture of Chrysanthemum (Watanabe et al, 1972; Yang et al, 2005; Gao et al, 2011)
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