Abstract
Refractive index profiles of ion-implanted Lithium Niobate waveguides are investigated. Z + and z − congruent Lithium Niobate samples have been implanted with C 3+ ions at a fluence of 4 × 10 14 ions/cm 2. Dark m-lines measurements have been performed on ordinary ( n o ) and extraordinary ( n e ) indexes for three different wavelengths (532 nm, 632.8 nm, 818 nm) before and after the annealing process. A reconstruction of refractive index profiles by Reflectivity Calculation Method (RCM) is presented and commented. The literature data for nuclear damage regime have been collected and critically examined. n o and n e curves as function of the density of energy released in nuclear collisions, E d , describing the effects of ion implantation on LN refractive indexes has been obtained on the basis of literature data. n o depth profile, predicted according to n o ( E d ) curve, is in good agreement with the RCM reconstructed one. In the case of n e , a satisfactory agreement has been reached only slightly modifying the n e ( E d ) curve and considering an alternative RCM profile structure.
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