Reflexiones y perspectivas de docentes universitarias sobre prácticas en extensión

Matias Dalla Costa Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina. matiasdallacosta@hotmail.com Miriam Bessone Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina. mbessoneyarqcolaborativas@yahoo.com.ar Maria Elena Tosello Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina. mtosello@fadu.unl.edu.ar In the actual textual landscape, images work activating cognitive and behavioral processes, disrupting the anthropological context of critical thinking based on logical-formal reasoning. Different types of languages –carrying specific signs and syntaxentwine to oral and written text, augmenting the differences and introducing new problematic in education, situation that requires to be investigate, debate and adequate. From this statement and through the presentation of a didactic experience of parametric systems application in a beginning design studio of Architecture, this paper aims to contribute to the discussion of which are the notions and basic strategies needed to initiate significant learning process that allow to think and design starting from emergent design languages.

Experimental design and multiple response optimization. Using the desirability function in analytical methods development.

The Languages for the Community Program (LCP), one of the units that make up the Language Center at Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, República Argentina, is an extension service provided to people 17 years of age and older that live in Santa Fe or in neighboring towns, and to UNL students wishing to take language courses other than those offered in their own study programs. Since 1999 when they started, these language courses have been taught in a traditional face-to-face modality. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the way in which the first term in 2020 had to suddenly shift to remote teaching and how this shift was devised, coordinated, delivered, and evaluated in response to the unexpected context provoked by the outbreak of COVID-19. The chapter also reports the changes implemented during the second term according to the results of a satisfaction survey administered to students. Collaborative work, previous expertise, and methodological principles allowed the staff at LCP to offer a quality educational response to this paradigm shift in foreign language teaching and learning.

The exposure to endocrine disrupters may affect reproduction. Our hypothesis suggested that neonatal endocrine disrupter exposure affects ovarian ovine development. Female lambs were s.c. exposed from postnatal Day (PND) 1 to PND 14 to environmentally relevant doses of diethylstilbe- strol (DES; 5 μg kg-1, n = 11), bisphenol A (BPA; 50 μg kg-1, n = 11), or vehicle [control (C), n = 14]. On PND 30, the ovaries were weighed and paraffin-embedded. The whole ovaries were sectioned in sets of 4 adjacent 5-μm serial sections taken 200 μm apart. Follicular dynamics were established by histomorphological features on pricosirius-hematoxylin-stained sections (at least 10 sections/ovary). The total number of fol- licles/ovary was obtained considering the number of sections and section thickness (≥25 000 follicles/ovary). Follicles of different classes and multioocyte follicles were expressed as a percentage. Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERa), androgen receptor (AR), Ki-67 (proliferation marker), and p27 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B) was evaluated. Proliferative index was obtained using Ki-67 expression in the granulose cells (GC) and theca cells of antral follicles. Antral follicles with ≤1% Ki-67 were considered atretic. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-tests were used; P < 0.05 was accepted as significant. In the developing ovaries (PND 1, 5, and 10; n = 3 for each day), the stromal cells showed a high expression of ERa on PND 1, decreasing with age. Estrogen receptor beta (ERfi) was positive in oocytes, CG, and stromal cells, with a temporal pattern opposite to that of ERa. Androgen receptor was found in oocytes, GC, and stromal cells without changes along the studied ages. Results at PND 30 showed that both xenostrogens adversely affect ovarian development. The BPA treatment reduced the ovarian weight without changes in the total number of follicles. Lambs exposed to DES and BPA showed a reduction of the percentage of primordial follicles (C = 59.4 ± 2.9; DES = 36.9 ± 7.3; BPA = 49.8 ± 1.6) but an increase of transitory (C = 29.2 ± 1.8; DES =48.1 ± 4.4; BPA = 41.9 ± 2.5) and pri- mary (C = 1.5 ± 0.2; DES = 5.1 ± 2.0; BPA = 2.9 ± 0.5) follicles. In addition, xenoestrogen treatment increased the number of antral atretic follicles (C = 16.3%; DES = 27.2%; BPA = 49.1%) associated with an increased p27 expression. Besides that, BPA group showed a higher proliferation of GC (C = 12.3 ± 2.6; DES = 31.5 ± 5.3; BPA = 37.0 ± 6.8) and theca cells (C = 1.0 ± 0.3; DES = 7.6 ± 1.9; BPA = 15.1 ± 4.2) in antral follicles and an increased incidence of multioocyte follicles (C = 4.2 ± 1.1; DES = 8.1 ± 2.0; BPA = 18.2 ± 3.9). Our results show that an early exposure to environmentally relevant doses of BPA or DES disrupts the ovine ovarian development and suggest that these effects may be mediated through the early expression of ovarian ER. Xenoestrogen exposure could effect ovarian function with consequences on female fertility. This work was supported by grants from the Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CAI+D program), Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, the Argentine National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology (ANPCyT), and the Argentine National Council for Science and Technology (CONICET).

Argentine geochemistry evolved during the nineteenth century hand in hand with other sciences. The Scotsman John J. Kyle was the first chemist to arrive in Argentina in 1862, contributing during his lifetime reports that expanded the geochemical knowledge of local natural resources. After visiting the USA and Europe (1868), Argentina’s President Sarmiento requested Hermann Burmeister (a prestigious biologist) to engage European scientists to foster the teaching and research of Natural Sciences (sensulato) in Argentina. The first to arrive, in August 1871 at the National Academy of Sciences and the university in Cordoba, was Max Siewert, a chemist from the German Martin Luther University. Siewert set up a state-of-the-art laboratory and analyzed, as Kyle had a few years before, a range of materials from waters and minerals to natural salts and biological materials. Some years later, Adolf Doring replaced Siewert. In the twentieth century, Gustavo Fester is the personality to highlight as a chemist/geochemist because he accomplished a vast task as teacher and researcher at the Universidad Nacional del Litoral and other institutions. During the 1950s and 1960s Argentine Geochemistry experienced slow but sustained growth, promoted by competent university professors such as Felix Gonzalez Bonorino, Jose Catoggio, Mario Teruggi and Carlos Gordillo. The first Geochemistry curriculum was initiated in 1958 at the Universidad Nacional de La Plata as a result of the bold initiative of Catoggio and Teruggi. Nowadays, Geochemistry is solidly established in Earth Sciences curricula and Argentine geochemical papers are found in all the international journals of the specialty.

Bos taurus indicus females provide a greater in vivo oocyte recovery (2-4 times more) in comparision with Bos taurus taurus. This aspect has strongly contributed for the success of the embryo industry in Brazil. Little information is available to explain this difference. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that the difference in oocyte yield is a result of higher numbers of preantral follicles in the ovaries of B. indicus females. Ovaries (n = 44) of fetuses aging from 180 to 240 days and of heifers from 20 and 24 months were collected from Bos taurus indicus (Nelore) and Bos taurus taurus (Aberdeen Angus) females at a slaughterhouse. Fetal age was estimated from the crown-rump length (Evans HE and Sack WO 1973 Anat. Hist. Embryol. 2, 11-45). Ovaries from Nelore fetuses (n = 10) and heifers (n = 12) and Aberdeen Angus fetuses (n = 10) and heifers (n = 12) were cut longitudinally into two halves, fixed in Bouin’s solution, and processed for histological evaluation. The ovarian halves were dehydrated in alcohol, cleared with xylene, embbebed in paraffin, and serially sectioned at 7 μm. Every 120th section was mounted and stained with periodic acid Schiff and hematoxylin. The number of preantral follicles was estimated through the counting of follicles in each section using the nucleus of the oocyte as a marker and a correction factor (Gougeon A and Chainy GBN 1987 J. Reprod. Fertil. 81, 433-442). Only 1 ovary per female was analyzed. Preantral follicles were classified according to the developmental stage as primordial (1 layer of flattened granulosa cells surrounding the oocyte), primary (1 layer of cuboidal granulosa cells), or secondary (2 or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells), and as normal or degenerated according to their morphological appearance. The number of preantral follicles was not normally distributed and was compared using the Mann-Whitney test. There was no difference (P > 0.05) between the average number of preantral follicles in the ovaries of Bos indicus and Bos taurus females. The average number of preantral follicles per female was 143 929 ± 253 (mean ± SD) and 285 155 ± 570 for Bos taurus and Bos indicus fetuses, respectively, and 76 851 ± 280 and 109 673 ± 293 for Bos taurus and Bos indicus heifers (P > 0.05), respectively. A large variation in numbers of preantral follicles was observed among individuals within the same category and between breeds. Our results suggest that there might be differences in mechanisms controlling follicle development after the preantral stage accounting for the greater oocyte yield from Bos indicus females. This work was supported by grants from the Universidad Nacional del Litoral (CAI+D program), Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora, the Argentine National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology (ANPCyT), and the Argentine National Council for Science and Technology (CONICET).

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The first two authors were partially supported by CONICET and Universidad Nacional del Litoral. The third author was partially supported by CONICET and Proyecto FOMEC-Universidad Nacional del Litoral.

El presente trabajo describe un modo de enseñar Didáctica en el marco de la formación de profesores universitarios. Para ello se mencionan los planes de estudios en los que se incluye la cátedra Didáctica General, los principales conceptos y principios que dan sentido al programa y los ejes con los que se trabaja; al mismo tiempo, se comparte un conjunto de movimientos, preguntas e inquietudes que su puesta en marcha genera en los estudiantes. Sobre la base de lo expuesto, se fundamenta que el corpus que se selecciona para ser enseñado es producto de un trabajo articulado entre enseñanza, investigación y extensión, a través de cuyas prácticas fue posible plantear preguntas, trabajar con otros, aprender de los errores y los aciertos. Esto ocurre en el marco de un proceso abierto y colaborativo de un equipo de cátedra de una universidad pública argentina, en este caso, la Universidad Nacional del Litoral

El trabajo aborda casos de interés de traducciones “situadas” e inaugurales en Argentina. El grupo editorial Centro Editor de América Latina dirigido por Spicacow que hace llegar la literatura universal a todos los bolsillos, Pavese traducido por la generación de 1960 de intelectuales ligados a la Universidad Nacional del Litoral y un desafío corporativo actual en la traducción de de Laura Pariani.

A methodology for fault diagnosis in large chemical processes and an application to a multistage flash desalination process: Part I

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Carlos D. Brondino at the Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina. The cover image shows a painting by our colleague and artist Nilda Marsili inspired by results obtained from single‐crystal EPR experiments.

El artículo constituye un primer avance en el estudio de la profesionalización de la enfermería en la provincia de Santa Fe durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, atendiendo a sus vínculos con los procesos de consolidación de experticias en los campos de conocimiento sobre la salud, a la par que su conversión en saberes de Estado. Con este objetivo, el trabajo abordará la experiencia de la creación de la Escuela de Nurses y Visitadoras de Higiene de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, con sede en la Facultad de Medicina de Rosario, primera experiencia nacional a nivel universitario de formación en enfermería. Ordenamos el trabajo a partir de tres ejes: por un lado, los antecedentes locales en torno a la formación en enfermería y las características del proyecto académico regional que caracterizó las primeras décadas de la Universidad; en segundo término, la particular relación entre proyecto universitario y política en la entreguerras en Santa Fe. Por último, la circulación transnacional de políticas sanitarias, en el marco de una nueva perspectiva sobre la “cuestión social”, el diálogo de la Fundación Rockefeller con la Universidad y el Estado provincial en este sentido. El trabajo concluye con la institucionalización de un proyecto político diverso, coincidente con el cierre de la experiencia universitaria cristalizada a inicios de 1940: la Escuela de Enfermeras en Salud Pública dependiente del Ministerio de Salud de la provincia, que iniciada en 1948, presentó notables diferencias tanto en términos formativos como en su administración y los expertos para ello convocados.

In veterinary practice, the risk of zoonotic infections starts in College, when students are exposed to animals, and laboratory assignments. The objective of this study was to estimate awareness of zoonoses in a cohort of freshmen at the Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe (Argentina). A cross sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire in all students attending an introductory course (N= 179) on April, 2012. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and χ2. Zoonoses most frequently mentioned by students were rabies, scabies, tuberculosis and leptospirosis. Rural residence was associated with the recognition of ringworm ( P = 0.0136), tuberculosis ( P = 0.0302), leptospirosis ( P = 0.0205) and hydatidosis ( P = 0.0167) as zoonoses. Males showed higher awareness of trichinosis ( P = 0.0025), tuberculosis ( P = 0.0286), anthrax ( P = 0.0035), and brucellosis ( P = 0.0038) than females. Awareness of susceptible species and means of transmission varied among all zoonoses. These results reinforce the need for early exposure of veterinary students to occupational health and biosafety practices.

Here we introduce a pedagogic experience in the Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina. It has begun about ten years ago, with the first intents of incorporating the computer into the design and teaching process , until current days with the setting of a Class for Introduction to Digital Media (IMD), as an obligatory subject in the first course of careers such as Architecture and Urbanism (AU) and Graphic Design of Visual Communication (DGCV). The introduction of "Computing Science" in this university resembled the process of other Universities (Pentill‰ Hannu, 2001), Today we can see that this was not adjusted to the necessities of these professions neither in the educational process nor in the professional production. In our case we will address particular experiences that enabled us to evolve in a pedagogic model towards the concept of Digital Media (DM) that we currently practice.

Objectives:The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical results in workers after Arthroscopic Bankart repair for traumatic unidirectional shoulder dislocation.Methods:A total of 45 patients (42 male- 3 female) meet the inclusion criteria: traumatic anterior dislocation, workers´ compensation patient, minimum of 2 years follow-up and exclusion criteria: bony Bankart >25%, engaging Hill Sachs, previous surgery, rotator cuff injury. Number of dislocations were 1 in 35 patients, 2 in 7 patients and 3 in 3 patients. Artroscopic Bankart repair was performed by a single surgeon. UCLA shoulder Score and ROWE score for shoulder instability were scored for clinical assessment. The mean follow up was 64 (SD+- 21.6) month with a mean age of 30 (SD+-10) years. Type of work and workload was recorded according to Canadian classification and dictionary of occupations. Time to return to work was also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed at the center for biostatistics at Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral using SPSS 23.0-IBM.Results:The mean UCLA Shoulder Score was 33 (SD+-2) and ROWE Score 95 (SD +-7), none of the patients presented recurrent dislocation at the time of follow up. Time to return to work was mean 123 days (+-60 SD) of whom 52% were heavy workers, 39% medium and 9% light workers. All patients except one could return to his previous level of work. Pearsons bi variate correlation coefficient between days to return to work between heavy and medium/light workers was not significative (p>0,05) but in heavy workers return to work take more days than in medium/light workers. Age and return to work with 35 years as a cut point was not significative either.Conclusion:Workers treated with Arthroscopic Bankart repair after traumatic unilateral dislocation, presents good results and high rate of return to work at the previous level.