Referral Patterns, Demographic and Clinical Features, and Visual Prognosis of Turkish Patients with Sarcoid Uveitis

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the referral patterns, demographic and clinical features, and visual prognosis of patients with sarcoid uveitis seen at 2 tertiary eye care centers in Turkey. A retrospective study was made of 44 patients with uveitis associated with biopsy-confirmed or presumed sarcoidosis. Thirty-four patients (77%) were female and 10 (23%) were male. The mean age at onset of uveitis was 39.8 years. Twenty-seven patients (61%) were referred without a diagnosis of sarcoidosis and 17 (39%) patients were referred with a diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis. The duration of uveitis prior to referral was 2–15 years in 52% of the patients in the former group. At presentation, 37 patients (84%) had bilateral and 7 patients (16%) had unilateral uveitis, and 17 patients (39%) had only anterior uveitis. The most common ocular findings were granulomatous keratic precipitates, persistent posterior synechiae, and snowball vitreous opacities. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis estimated the risk of recurrence as 30% at 6 months and 61% at 5 years. New complications developed in 18 patients. Potential visual acuity was better than 0.4 in 80% of eyes. The estimated risk of losing potential visual acuity by at least 2 lines was 7% at 6 months and 43% at 5 years. None of the eyes lost useful vision (> 0.1) under the authors' care. The referral patterns suggest underrecognition of sarcoidosis as a cause of uveitis in Turkey. The demographic and clinical features of these patients were mostly similar to those reported from other countries, suggesting that the diagnosis may not be difficult in Turkish patients but requires an increased awareness of the disease in this population.