Abstract
Health is greatly influenced by social, economic and political determinants. Accordingly, decisions influencing people's health do not concern only health services or 'health policies', but decisions in many different policy areas have their influence on these health determinants. Health Impact assessment (HIA) is a predictive tool to support decisions in policy-making. The ultimate goal of this framework is to maximize health gains and, as far as possible, to reduce health inequalities. HIA presents a commitment to ensure that the rural dimension is routinely considered as part of the making and implementing of policy. The aim of this paper is to review the use of HIA on rural areas. Conclusions: HIA shows its great potential to contribute to local authority decision making. The use of HIA was identified in 2 key areas: strategic planning (sustainable development, EU Common Agricultural Policy, Federal Farm Bill, land-use planning work); and in specific smaller scale projects (rural health service redesign proposal, accessing healthy food, transport, health care disparities, etc.).
Highlights
La salud esta condicionada en gran medida por determinantes sociales, económicos y políticos
La Evaluación del Impacto en Salud (EIS) es una metodología prospectiva que trata de predecir los impactos en la salud de las políticas con el fin de modificar su planteamiento inicial para maximizar los impactos positivos, evitar los efectos negativos inesperados en la salud y reducir las desigualdades sociales en salud
The main objective of this paper is to review the use of Health Impact Assessment (HIA) on rural areas
Summary
La salud esta condicionada en gran medida por determinantes sociales, económicos y políticos. La Evaluación del Impacto en Salud (EIS) es una metodología prospectiva que trata de predecir los impactos en la salud de las políticas con el fin de modificar su planteamiento inicial para maximizar los impactos positivos, evitar los efectos negativos inesperados en la salud y reducir las desigualdades sociales en salud. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar el uso de la EIS en las áreas rurales. Y por otro lado, se ha puesto en práctica en proyectos de menor escala (propuestas de rediseño del servicio rural de salud, el acceso a una comida saludable, transporte, desigualdades en la atención, etc.). Palabras clave: Evaluación Impacto en Salud; Salud en Todas las Políticas; Desigualdades en Salud; Áreas Rurales; Políticas Públicas. Rural residents face a unique combination of factors that create disparities in health not found in urban areas. Before the introduction will first focus on the literature on the social determinants of health and the Health in All Policies (HiAP)
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