Reducción de la Jornada Laboral y Salud Mental en México

Academic information is an important information for students in assisting academic activities, every effort has been developed to improve academic services. With the continuous development of various mobile devices or smartphones, the traditional way of Short Message Service (SMS) has been replaced by instant messaging applications that make the communication process more real-time. So this research will try to use technology in instant message as a means of academic service information, it is expected academic information can be delivered more quickly and up-to-date. Telegram as one of the instant messaging application that offers various advantages in its feature than other instant messaging application. The most popular feature and is being developed on telegram is the bot feature, where a third party or user can develop bot features according to user requirements. Thus telegram can help overcome various problems such as academic information seeking problems. For that made the application of lecture information service using Telegram Bot. The making of this information service application is built with Rational Unified Process (RUP) process model, Forward Chaining method and using Python Telepot Framework for Telegram Bot API for application to run via Telegram instant message. With the making of this application, facilitate communication and delivery of academic information to lecturers, students, and the academic community.

This work sought to identify the academic communities that have shown interest and participation in the Journal Research and Education in Nursing and analyze the scientific impact generated by said journal. A bibliometric analysis was carried out, as well as social network analysis and techniques of natural language processing to conduct the research. The data was gathered and analyzed during a specific study period, covering from 2010 - 2020, for articles published in the journal, and 2010 - 2022, for articles that cited the journal within Scopus. These methods permitted performing an exhaustive evaluation of the journal's influence and reach in diverse academic and geographic contexts. During the analysis, it was noted that the journal Research and Education in Nursing has had significant influence in academic and scientific communities, both nationally and internationally. Collaboration networks were detected among diverse institutions and countries, which indicates active interaction in the field of nursing research. In addition, trends and emerging patterns were identified in this field, providing a more complete view of the discipline's evolution. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the journal Research and Education in Nursing has played un fundamental role in disseminating knowledge and promoting research in nursing. The combination of Bibliometric metrics, social network analysis, and natural language processing permitted utmost comprehension of its impact in the scientific and academic community globally.

How IPF has changed our lives

Researchers are spending an increasing fraction of their time on applying for funding; however, the current funding system has considerable deficiencies in reliably evaluating the merit of research proposals, despite extensive efforts on the sides of applicants, grant reviewers and decision committees. For some funding schemes, the systemic costs of the application process as a whole can even outweigh the granted resources-a phenomenon that could be considered as predatory funding. We present five recommendations to remedy this unsatisfactory situation.

Filamentous fungi are a rich source of bioactive compounds, which make them a promising resource for the discovery of new drugs. Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically review research data on bioactive compounds of filamentous fungi with biological activity. Theoretical Frame: This study used, as a theoretical basis, the literature published in the Medline, Web of Science and Science Direct databases in the period from 2012 to 2021, with the main citations: Main Items for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MASTARI). Method: A systematic electronic search was conducted in the Medline (PubMed), Web of Science (WoS) and Science Direct databases, using the descriptors “Filamentous fungi” AND “Bioactive compounds”, in order to identify articles related to the selected topic. The articles were selected by three independent reviewers among those published in English in the last 10 years. Results and Conclusions: The search resulted in 151 articles, of which 8 met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for bias risk assessment using six quality criteria. Filamentous fungi are a large and promising source of bioactive compounds due to various biological activities such as strong inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4B, cytotoxicity against cancer cells, and antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. In view of the results, further efforts are hoped to discover new drugs from filamentous fungi. Currently, several studies are being developed with different strains of filamentous fungi collected in different environments, such as forests, sea, icy regions and soil. Aspergillus and Penicillium are among the most studied genera. These fungi produce several bioactive compounds, some already reported and others recently discovered. In vitro and in silico studies are being used to test the different biological activities provided by bioactive compounds; therefore, the results of these researches are very promising for the discovery of new drugs. Additionally, further studies are needed to test these activities in in vivo models. The results obtained are of great relevance for medicine and the pharmaceutical industry, as they bring an update of the main bioactive compounds and their biological activities from biodiversity, which can be used in the development of new drugs capable of fighting different diseases. Still, they can help the academic and scientific community about what has been studied and what remains to be researched. In the future, other species and strains of fungi can be studied, aiming to discover new bioactive compounds with biological activity; for this, fungi can be collected from different environments, such as forests, sea and soil microbiota, or isolated from plants, extreme and remote environments. In this way, it would be possible to make better use of the world's biodiversity, use molecular-based approaches and tools and produce resources capable of improving the quality of human life. Implications of the research: This study is highly relevant for the purposes of the Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental da Universidade de Pernambuco, Campus Garanhuns, as well as for the entire academic, scientific and pharmaceutical community interested in discovering new bioactive compounds with biological activity. Originality and value: The study sought to present to the academic, scientific and pharmaceutical community what is currently being researched on bioactive compounds of filamentous fungi with biological activity, providing current information and main researchers, indicating what remains to be investigated and collaborating for the environmental and social management of the sector of health.

UIN Suska Riau campus led to an escalation amount of data and information that must be maintained, such as academic information. UIN Suska Riau is responsible for managing and providing academic information to students and other academic communities. We can ask the Customer Care Center (C3) in Academic System or come directly to the PTIPD UIN Suska Riau office for academic questions. There still has limitations to serving existing questions submitted through C3 because officers can only serve during working hours both online and offline. Chatbots can be used to support the work of C3 officers in serving the questions asked. This system is built based on Named Entity Recognition (NER) using Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML). We perform NER analysis using HMM. This study uses the contents of the academic manual as a base knowledge with 150 categories of questions and 30 answers that produce an accuracy of 55%.

Developments in the field of library technology, especially in the storage and dissemination of information, have also encouraged institutional awareness to increase their information resource assets. The Padjadjaran University Repository functions as a means of storing, preserving and making accessible sources of information on research that has been prepared by the academic community. Students need scientific sources in the process of completing their coursework, they carry out various stages in searching for appropriate information in their own way. This research aims to determine academic information needs and student information seeking behavior at the Padjadjaran University Repository. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis. Based on the processed data, it was found that the concept of academic information needs has a significant relationship with information seeking behavior. The Padjadjaran University repository is able to provide valid information and can be used as reference material for lecture assignments to students as users. This is because the Padjadjaran University Repository is considered by students to have provided sufficient information based on the form, method of presentation and scope.

The mini-workshop on “Statistical methods for inverse problems” gathered seventeen people from the area of statistics and numerical analysis. The goal of the workshop was to stimulate discussions around results and methods that are commonly used by different scientific communities. These methods mainly concern regularization of linear and nonlinear inverse problems in presence of deterministic or stochastic noise. The week was articulated around three main lectures, divided into two talks each. Yuri Golubev (Université of Marseille) started on Monday–Tuesday mornings to give an extended lecture on inverse problems from a statistical perspective. He was quickly followed by Thorsten Hohage (University of Göttingen) who gave lectures on Monday–Tuesday afternoon on inverse problems from a numerical analysis perspective. A third lecture was given on Wednesday–Thursday morning by Rama Cont (École Polytechnique) who addressed the issue of inverse problems in finance, with both deterministic and probabilistic points of view. The main talks were completed by informal contributed talks of approximately one hour each, at the approximate rate of two talks per day except for the mandatory walk in the Schwarzwald, which was unfortunately canceled due to bad weather conditions that concentrated on the only day of rest! Round tables were planned to follow the lectures, but the friendly and informal atmosphere soon raised constant questions and discussions among the participants during the lectures so that the workshop progressively moved to informal, yet intense scientific discussions: particular focus was given on optimal tuning parameter choice, stochastic or deterministic error modeling and the complexity of numerical schemes. These discussions took place during several extended talks that skipped the initially planned schedule, fortunately tightened by the strict meal hours of the Oberwolfach center. The excellent atmosphere of the mini-workshop was made possible thanks to the exceptional working conditions at the MFO to which we would like to express our deep gratitude.

A new petroleum electronic journal with on-line submission, review, and distribution will provide an additional and needed outlet for technological developments. The primary objective of the journal will be to provide a medium for rapid exchange of up-to-date advances in petroleum engineering. The Electronic Journal of Petroleum Engineering (E-JPE) will take substantially less time to publish as it will decrease the time required by traditional reviewing, printing, and distributing processes and will allow for more widespread participation of international reviewers. E-JPE will be developed in phases that will allow "debugging" and incremental distribution and participation. Papers will lose many of the size constraints associated with hard copy publications and will not be limited to a fixed number of yearly volumes. Publication costs will be lower than for traditional hardcopy journals because the costs of printing and mailing will be eliminated. E-JPE will provide a more efficient avenue for the exchange of ideas among its authors, editors, and readers through electronic networking systems. Developing an electronic journal will put the industry at the forefront of technical publishing and pave the way into the next century.

Proceedings of the 2004 OOPSLA workshop on eclipse technology eXchange - eclipse '04

The Pandemic of COVID-19, an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 motivated the scientific community to work together in order to gather, organize, process and distribute data on the novel biomedical hazard. Here, we analyzed how the scientific community responded to this challenge by quantifying distribution and availability patterns of the academic information related to COVID-19. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of the information flow and scientific collaboration, two factors we believe to be critical for finding new solutions for the ongoing pandemic. The RISmed R package, and a custom Python script were used to fetch metadata on articles indexed in PubMed and published on Rxiv preprint server. Scopus was manually searched and the metadata was exported in BibTex file. Publication rate and publication status, affiliation and author count per article, and submission-to-publication time were analysed in R. Biblioshiny application was used to create a world collaboration map. Preliminary data suggest that COVID-19 pandemic resulted in generation of a large amount of scientific data, and demonstrates potential problems regarding the information velocity, availability, and scientific collaboration in the early stages of the pandemic. More specifically, the results indicate precarious overload of the standard publication systems, significant problems with data availability and apparent deficient collaboration. In conclusion, we believe the scientific community could have used the data more efficiently in order to create proper foundations for finding new solutions for the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, we believe we can learn from this on the go and adopt open science principles and a more mindful approach to COVID-19-related data to accelerate the discovery of more efficient solutions. We take this opportunity to invite our colleagues to contribute to this global scientific collaboration by publishing their findings with maximal transparency.

The increasing workload and the number of academic information needs in the campus environment make the academic part of the stress. The addition of students and plans for additional study programs that will continue to be carried out by universities make academic staff tired and slow to work because they cannot provide fast and appropriate services to students and the academic community. Artificial Intelligence (AI) based chatbot technology is present to help perform specific tasks similar to academic officers. With the KNearest Neighbor (K-NN) method, the highest K value in the third class is 55.70 percent. This value explains that problems related to text classification can be solved on K-NN and give good results. In this evaluation, customer response times were significantly shorter when using chatbot technology compared to response times before using them. In addition, the work done by academic staff began to decrease, while the accuracy of chatbots remained at 100 percent in tests that compared chatbots with academic staff. Therefore, the evaluation results show that chatbots effectively increase efficiency in handling customer inquiries. There were 62 respondents consisting of 13.8 percent of lecturers, 9.2 percent of staff, and 76.9 percent of students who implemented chatbots. Testing of chatbot technology includes ability, consistency, responsibility, and performance. The validity test uses a significance level of 5 percent. The test results found that the level of influence of the use of chatbot technology by users in obtaining academic information was more reliable, with the acquisition of the Cronbach Alpha value of 0.82. A solution offered for the academic community and the academic community to access services more quickly and practically by using a chatbot. Chatbots can also reduce the workload of academic staff and affect the quality of service in universities to be more optimal.

Article by Paige Brown Jarreau, with special thanks to Dr. Samuel Caddick for editing and re-writing this piece into existence. Today is International Women's Day. There isn't a more fitting day to publish this article, which has been months in the making. This article was originally pitched to EMBO Reports, but for various reasons (including a critique that this article presents too many anecdotes without clear evidence that the examples represent what can be defendably defined as gender discrimination / harassment) the editors chose not to publish it. I have chosen to publish the article in full below, because I believe the voices of the women interviewed for this article speak for themselves and deserve to be heard. I'd like to thank every woman who spoke up to make this article possible. " I'm always a female scientist, I'm never just a scientist," said Caroline Simpson, an astronomer and professor in the Department of Physics at Florida International University. Simpson can count the number of women in her department of 27 faculty members on one hand. Simpson regularly encounters gender stereotypes that affect her confidence, even as a successful female researcher. "The first time someone says something [sexist], you shrug it off," she said. "The second time someone says something, you shrug it off. The 90th time, you stop shrugging it off." On the day that Simpson was interviewed for this article, she woke up to a sexist joke on Facebook posted by a male colleague. She spent the next two hours thinking about how to approach her colleague about the joke without reinforcing the stereotype that women overreact, she said. "It said something like: 'Newton's third law: For every male physicist's action, there is a female over-reaction,'" Simpson explained. "When I came into work today, I sat down to talk to him to explain that that was one of the most offensive things I've seen on Facebook. He was shocked. He had no idea, he said he thought it was 'ok' because he got it from a female scientist friend of his [...] if I hadn't said anything, he would never have realized what it was like from my perspective." Stacey Lance, an associate research scientist at a large US state university, has a similar anecdote about oblivious male colleagues. "I was out having a drink with a few male colleagues," she explained. "I went to the bathroom, and when I came back, I came in on a conversation. It was clear that they had been discussing the appearance of a female graduate student." Lance said she ended up getting into and losing a 40-minute debate with her colleagues about why their commenting on the appearance of a female graduate student was inappropriate. Most of the men "didn't get it", Lance said, and they could not understand why she was offended. There is growing recognition that a negative or "chilly" workplace climate-with regards to overt or subtle sexism, stereotype threat ( Smith et al. 2015), gender bias and discrimination-has affected the success of women faculty in science ( Settles et al. 2006; Clancy et al. 2014). At the root of such negative environments are gender bias and stereotypes, both of which can result in discrimination ( Moss-Racusin et al. 2012). In one study of elite women scientists from 1995, 73% reported some form of gender discrimination ( Sonnert, 1995). In a straw poll conducted on Twitter for this article (Sidebar A), 50 out of 55 respondents said they felt they had been treated differently because of their gender. It is natural to perceive instances of overt sexism as shocking but isolated events. But these events have subtler origins. In addition to overt instances of sexism, we must acknowledge and deal with gender-based stereotypes and bias as pervading psychological, structural, institutional and cultural issues. Mild instances of discrimination or even passive expressions of stereotypes can create hostile environments for women and minorities in science (*minorities including not only women, but women and men of color, LGBT individuals and those with disabilities). Even subtle and unintentional instances of gender discrimination can result in lowered self-confidence, decreased job satisfaction, and a sense of isolation for women in STEM fields. Previous studies have shown that stereotype threat (for example, the stereotype that males are generally better than females at solving math problems) can reduce women's performance on various STEM related tasks ( Appel, Kronberger & Aronson, 2011). "There are formal and informal structural mechanisms (e.g., discrimination, limited networking) that provide women scientists with fewer opportunities and more obstacles in their career paths, leading to lowered success, satisfaction, and retention in science," write Isis Settles and colleagues in a paper they published in Psychology of Women Quarterly ( Settles et al. 2006). What follows are the personal experiences of some women in various scientific fields that range from overt instances of sexual harassment to subtle examples of bias or discrimination. The latter might not seem particularly harmful in isolation, but on a day-to-day basis, they add up to make life significantly more difficult for women and minorities in science. From Gender Bias to Discrimination elen Walden is a principal investigator at the University of Dundee MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit. In 2015, Walden was only the third female researcher ever to be awarded the Colworth Medal, an annual Biochemical Society Award recognizing outstanding research by an early career biochemist. But even with all of her successes, Walden is acutely aware of and outspoken about sexism and structural inequalities in the scientific and academic communities. She has personally experienced both overt and subtle forms of sexism and gender bias, as well as the negative impacts of academic policies that favor the promotion of men over women. "We were known collectively as 'Gary's Girls'," Walden said of her time at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland, where she was one of four other PhD students in her lab, all of whom were female. "I have to say that when I was in my early 20's, I never even noticed that that was strange. It felt affectionate." But as she moved on with her scientific career, Walden did begin to notice that things were said about women that would not be said about men. When she moved to Memphis, to St. Jude Children Hospital to do her postdoc, she had some professional issues with her lab group leader, who happened to be a woman. When she tried to talk to colleagues about these issues, she was met with blanket statements along the lines of 'that's just what women bosses are like'. "I had not considered that the way she behaved was female or male behavior, it was just her behavior," Walden said. "I was surprised by the 'women bosses are bitches' mentality that went on. I have a really hard time with this idea that men and women are fundamentally different." And yet there is a pervasive stereotype, held by many men and women alike, that women are more emotional in the workplace. A 2001 Gallup poll found that Americans associate the words "emotional," "affectionate," "talkative," "patient" and "creative" significantly more with women than with men, while they associate aggressiveness significantly more with men. Correcting this stereotype is hard, however. As Walden commented, people "feel threatened when you tell them that they are causing discrimination with their unconscious biases. Nobody wants to be called a sexist [...] Somehow we've reached a point where people are saying, 'well it's not me who's sexist,' and they are looking around at others, as if they are the only ones who have figured out the magic formula of not having any prejudices." While the majority of the sexist remarks Walden gets are "cartoonish," she says, other examples are more troubling. For example, a male colleague once told Walden he had decided against hiring women because, he argued, the European Research Council (ERC) doesn't make provisions on grants for maternity leave. Based on ERC Work Programe 2014 documentation, the ERC extends eligibility windows for applicants based on maternity leave, but no explicit provisions are made for funding duration based on maternity leave. "And this is my problem why?" Walden remembered thinking. "He should have taken this up with the councils that provide the funding. But simply by virtue of having boobs, I'm the one who gets told all of this. And I find that sexist." A PhD student interviewed for this article, who wished to remain anonymous, had a similar experience: she was told by a potential PhD advisor that he was worried about a possible pregnancy getting in the way of her fieldwork. This student had made no mention of such a possibility to the advisor, but she was newly married. "It was humiliating," she said. "For him to think I would consider putting the logistics end of my fieldwork in jeopardy by having a kid and not being able to go to the field, or that that was something that couldn't be discussed, really horrified me. I think that if I was a male in the same situation, same age, married, the assumption would be: 'He will just figure it out.' But for me it was shoved in my face. And that was one of the major factors for why I decided not to take the position." The Double Jeopardy Report from UC Hastings College of Law calls this the "prove-it-again" pattern: a stereotype that sets up an incongruity between being female and being a scientist such that women and other minorities must perform at a higher level than men to be seen as equally competent as men. Walden believes much of the hardship for women pursuing careers in science comes down to the small things, including the gender stereotypes and the unconscious biases that make the white male "look more like a scientist" than the female, regardless of experience or performance. In a 2006 study of young children's perceptions of scientists, only 5 out of 30 students drew a female scientist when asked to draw a picture of a scientist ( Buldu, 2006). Other "Draw-a-Scientist" tests have revealed similar patterns in gendered depictions of science and scientists. "In all the stock photographs of women 'doing science,' they're always young and beautiful, in the lab," Walden said. "Whereas in the photos of men doing science, it's older men in front of a lecture theater or holding force while everyone is looking at him with rapt attention. It's like it's fine for the women to be in trainee roles. It's just not fine for them to be in leadership roles." Being Female in the Field A bby Lawson is a PhD candidate studying alligator population ecology to inform harvest decisions in South Carolina. When Lawson first started working on an alligator project at Clemson, with a research group that was predominantly male, she says she was very respectful in terms of safety. "Not having worked with a predator before, I definitely didn't want to overstep my boundaries or put anybody in unsafe situations," she said. But when Lawson hired a male technician to help with her own alligator capture work, everything was different. "It was 'boom, boom, boom.' On my technician's third day, my collaborator said, 'Alright, I think that Mike [name changed] should hop on this next alligator, and we'll show him all the handling techniques.'" Lawson said. "I felt really foolish, because I had told [Mike] it was a really slow process to handle alligators, and that even I didn't do all parts of it." Lawson was hurt that her collaborators, with whom she had been working for several years, had never invested in teaching her the more physical alligator capture skills up front. "I regretted not being more assertive and asking to be trained," Lawson said. "These collaborators were all men whom I respected and genuinely enjoyed working with. Looking back, they probably didn't even realize they were acting discriminatory." Even with things like backing up a trailer or driving a boat in the field, Lawson says, her male colleagues tend to step in to complete these tasks without thinking or asking. "I think in fieldwork sometimes there's this sense of urgency, of 'no, we don't have time for you to take 40 minutes to back the trailer to the boat ramp, we need to go now,'" Lawson said. "And so I've started to, when I can, try to correct that, just deciding that no, I'm going to do this because it's going to save us time in the long run if everybody knows how to fulfill every role." Lawson has even had trouble accessing certain sites for her alligator research because landowners are sometimes hesitant to grant access to a female-only crew. Lawson finds it is easier for her to obtain access if she has a male technician with her. "As a female student, I feel like the type of sexism that we're warned about is mostly the blatant stereotypical kind that is actually the easiest to handle," Lawson said. "Like being accused of being on your period. That hardly ever happens, and if it does, it's corrected immediately," she said. "But I feel like it's the more subtle forms that are the real danger, and they aren't talked about enough." Lawson says she thinks the struggles for women in science and especially for women working in male-dominated field environments will only change when there are more women in the field, and also more women in positions of power within the scientific community. "I can see how the cycle perpetuates," Lawson said. "I wonder whether if I had an all female crew, would that restrict my access to certain sites? It's really hard to accept that that's a legitimate concern I have. [...] But I do think [the cycle] is slowing down. It's a very slow cultural shift, but as there are more women in science, I think it won't be seen as this novelty anymore." hristine Lee, an assistant professor of biological anthropology at California State University in Los Angeles, has been a trendsetter in terms of being the only woman on numerous bio-archeological digs. She studies the human skeletons that come from archeological excavations all over the world. But Lee admits that if she had known how uncomfortable some of the things she has experienced during fieldwork were going to be, she might not have ever gone. "If I had to tell myself when I was younger, 'you're going to have guys think that you'll sleep with anyone, you are going to have guys stare at your ass because you happen to be curvier,' I might not have done it." Lee warns graduate students who come through her lab that archeological fieldwork in foreign countries can involve uncomfortable situations. "There can be sexual harassment. And no one ever believes it," Lee said. "It's really strange; students never think it will happen to them." During her PhD studies, Lee traveled to Beijing for fieldwork and within the first month was sexually *assaulted at a banquet where she was the only woman sitting at a table with several high-ranking male professors. "Throughout the whole dinner, the professor sitting next to me [...] constantly put his hand on my thigh during the dinner, and I his hand up and putting it back on the to the point that my colleagues something was but it never to them what it could she said. "The thought that a high-ranking professor from a foreign would feel up a graduate student at a never to them." dinner, two Lee was working with in asked her how she the foreign professor who had been her at the "I told the two that if that ever happened not only was I and going back but I was going to tell everyone what happened and how they didn't take of Lee said. were and said, no, we just didn't what was that we that will never happen And it never did happen That professor was never But things like that are and And when other men are sitting there and they don't what to you that they are in on it." research that a of scientists in field up to to a study published in ( Clancy et al. experience sexual harassment at field And most of these scientists are students or early career and women. is to them when they are when they are most within the academic and of the study told in This might be a in the of young female scientists from fields such as harassment in the can to lowered job satisfaction, decreased job and lowered and other with gender discrimination in as a woman on archeological excavations in foreign countries own of gender-based Lee explained. She and graduate students have to their own very "I end up being the only female, or one of only a few Lee said. there's a certain way I have to and and [...] I try not to be noticed for being a if I can, in the field, because I've that it is and I've been told it's Lee doesn't and when working on excavations The few that she has and professional in the field, she has had male colleagues on her appearance in time, Lee the of a of into the On Lee everyone their and all is up on to it was really that I had this one really Lee said. "And the guys were all around dinner, and I them saying, do you think And I one of them that it must be I was what the When Lee the men about their they told her they her by her "If you don't think of it as just being it can be kind of Lee said. As an astronomer at the for also experiences field work as particularly I the only said. "I don't feel but it me feel like I She and when fieldwork. "It's not a but it might have something to do with not to out even more than I she said. female scientists are that this to not in a male-dominated is to their and power within the scientific community. For example, the of the was to have made at the of was a for young women to speak out against the sexist idea that they have or sexual or have been a for their male colleagues. Women with a A Lee was sexually *assaulted as a PhD student at a banquet during her fieldwork in it her being to her colleagues about the for them to it," she said. she has that sometimes it aggressiveness and even to by male But getting and up can as women might be as when they at the same time that men are for the same studies have that women are for that do not the stereotypes of their that the stereotypical of men ( Stacey Lance experienced the of up for when for a to that of her male colleagues. When Lance realized she had a that was much than that of her she a to her lab a "I had in my about the and of other people at my Lance in an conducted for this "I no negative about my I the several women colleagues who deal with women in science issues on their a I had and my who was an at a large their help I made I all of the to not just to make my But when Lance the to one of the who had asked to see she was told that the that would be as too "I don't how that's Lance said. "The I were that were from that were and and grant I was that I what I to the other people in my especially the Lance was awarded a a to the lab Lance says her of the issues women in science was when a lab was he out to the done by the "The change in was when he came Lance said. to me how every experience is going to be so just on where they end up and who up being of them." is an associate professor of at State University and has experienced a range of sexism and sexual as a woman in science, from to physical in a of in my said. had male faculty colleagues say to women who are a you do It's too hard on your are more subtle forms of sexism, but they make me an me Other has experienced are things like male her don't get she has even "If you I'm not she said. But she about the female and the of being a woman on a also gets about her in professional As a student, she had several male colleagues make overt sexual at her in field She has about her experiences on her Research many women, I have experienced sexism and blatant sexual harassment within the scientific community. I would never someone to simply up harassment. I have to put up with harassment and my sense of within science has as a in a published on her to the about the "It is to have to deal with these said. "The that I my experiences with me to because it was a very for me. And some of these things you off. But some of these things are And I don't think that the scientific how it is to come into a hostile when you are in certain That is something that I don't think scientists And I'm but it me want to It make me want to women in science. And I think that people of have a time, people with anybody who is has a time, I it me want to people in has like many women in STEM had her by her gender. She has been told that it is easier for her to get grant funding or other opportunities because she is a woman. Even funding in her of research is difficult to colleagues have her gender as a to explain her funding success, she says it will take more out on the of to help issues of sexism in a young female faculty at a say that she didn't think that one of the for a was she was a fine but she had taken some time to have a and her to a so she couldn't be a said. "And the department didn't say not Gender stereotypes about what women aren't or even stereotypes about what they are can have real impacts on the success of women in science as related by wished to remain for this She at a and says that in she has a work at on the But while she has the and experience to be in research within her her bosses have her more including research and are not the she would to be for her "I think the that I'm a woman into how some people with said. a scientist by I as a scientist, and I'm in such but I get way more in tasks than I do in my And I feel that a large of that is that I a woman. There are certain tasks that I'm asked to do that don't create with my gender. It's more to see a young woman or as to up with has also experienced more overt instances of sexism, including colleagues her and all in her other men, even she has the and to But these negative experiences are not as or as as is the blatant she gets to over is not in on her work, as to her and Research by the has shown that when it comes to and recognition in STEM female are of for to their field, including and but of research to their male colleagues ( & 2014). The is for in the field of and might be to stereotypes that what kind of and skills women are for in science. It is a to because it not involve but the of or even the of women to scientific that believe their gender. this bias is more than simply career for women. It can hiring decisions from the A study published in in revealed that a of and a student for a lab as and a when the student was as female. What is more is that this gender bias was both male and female faculty that or unconscious stereotypes are to There are pervasive cultural stereotypes that women as competent but their and with ( Moss-Racusin et al. 2012). The study while might not be to many female scientists who have with gender discrimination or the threat of gender discrimination their including were Walden in a article on the of sexual discrimination in science. found it hard to believe that the same could be so and with such in terms of and the of my career, I have always been acutely aware that I need to do better than a to a of being hired of from the clear issues of sexism, bias and discrimination that women even where do we go from can we begin to down gender stereotypes and women's sense of as and are a

What are the roles of computing centers within academic and research community today, has their time passed away and they are just dinosaurs belonging to history or their time is just coming again with new tasks, challenges and high expectations? In this article we analyzed the needs of academic and research community in the field of information and communication technology and came to the conclusion that in the next period we should expect only further significant growth (in terms of quantity as well as variety) of those needs. Considering that fact, we foresee and discuss the range of potential roles of computing centers in an academic and research community in the near future. Our arguments are verified through the case of University Computing Centre (SRCE) University of Zagreb, which is celebrating thirty years of successful leading in implementation of latest information and communication technologies and serving the needs of academic and research community in Croatia.

Needhi Bhalla