Abstract
The catalytic process for methanol production by synthesis gas conversion under the conditions of mechanochemical activation (MCA) of copper-zinc-aluminum oxide catalyst in the temperature range 160–280 °C at a pressure of 0.1 MPa are investigated. The use of mechanical action force is one of the promising ways to improve the activity of heterogeneous catalysts designed to simplify the manufacturing process lines, improving the efficiency of catalytic processes and reduce the cost of the target product. Given the importance of technology for methanol production on copper-zinc-aluminum oxide catalysts and high demand for methanol in the world [1–3], clarification of the peculiarities of the process of methanol production by synthesis gas conversion in terms of mechanical load on the catalyst is important in scientific and applied ways. It is established that specific catalytic activity, performance of methanol synthesis catalyst and the conversion of initial reagents are increased in the conditions of mechanochemical activation, because of the increasing concentration of defects and formation of additional active centers. It is revealed that mechanochemical treatment of copper-zinc-aluminum oxide catalyst can reduce reaction initiation temperature and optimum temperature synthesis by 20–30 °C, and increase the maximum performance of the catalytic system. Increase of the catalyst activity under mechanical stress is explored by increase of defect concentration of crystal lattice of the catalyst, as confirmed by the tests of catalyst surface structure by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. A new effective method for synthesis gas conversion into the methanol under conditions of mechanochemical activation of the catalyst can be used in industry as an alternative to methanol production at high pressures.
Highlights
Among the technologies of large-scale production of synthetic liquid fuels one of the most promising technologies is methanol production from synthesis gas [4,5,6]
Most industrial processes is based on catalytic reactions [6,7,8], and their improvement is associated with the development of more active catalysts, simplification of production process lines, the ability to conduct processes in less stringent conditions
The results of comparative studies of methanol synthesis at a temperature of 220 °С and pressure of 0.1 MPa in different conditions of catalytic reactions – in stationary and vibration excited state shows that patterns of catalytic activity change in time are indistinguishable for granulated and pre-mechanically processed catalyst, the absolute values of performance for the last are approximately 50 % higher (Fig. 1)
Summary
Among the technologies of large-scale production of synthetic liquid fuels one of the most promising technologies is methanol production from synthesis gas [4,5,6]. Methanol is an environmentally friendly liquid fuel, good solvent and multi-purpose semi-finished product. Most industrial processes is based on catalytic reactions [6,7,8], and their improvement is associated with the development of more active catalysts, simplification of production process lines, the ability to conduct processes in less stringent conditions. Much attention is paid to different ways of activating catalysts. One of the alternative ways to increase the activity of catalysts, according to the literature, may be the use of mechanical action force [9, 10]
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