Abstract
Foaming is often present in aerated bioreactors. It is undesired, because it removes the cells and the cultivation medium from the reactor and blocks the sterile filter. However, it can be used for the recovery of proteins and microorganisms from the cultivation medium. The present review deals with the characterization of model protein foams and foams of various cultivation media. The suppression of foaming by antifoam agents and their effect on the oxygen transfer rate, microbial cell growth and product formation are discussed. The influence of process variables on the recovery of proteins by flotation without and with surfactants and mathematical models for protein flotation are presented. The effect of cultivation conditions, flotation equipment and operational parameters on foam flotation of microorganisms is reviewed. Floatable and non-floatable microorganisms are characterized by their surface envelope properties. A mathematical model for cell recovery by flotation is presented. Possible application areas of cell recovery by flotation are discussed.
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