Abstract
The rational design and fabrication of electrode materials with desirable architectures and optimized properties has been demonstrated to be an effective approach towards high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Although nanostructured metal oxide electrodes with high specific capacity have been regarded as the most promising alternatives for replacing commercial electrodes in LIBs, their further developments are still faced with several challenges such as poor cycling stability and unsatisfying rate performance. As a new class of binder‐free electrodes for LIBs, self‐supported metal oxide nanoarray electrodes have many advantageous features in terms of high specific surface area, fast electron transport, improved charge transfer efficiency, and free space for alleviating volume expansion and preventing severe aggregation, holding great potential to solve the mentioned problems. This review highlights the recent progress in the utilization of self‐supported metal oxide nanoarrays grown on 2D planar and 3D porous substrates, such as 1D and 2D nanostructure arrays, hierarchical nanostructure arrays, and heterostructured nanoarrays, as anodes and cathodes for advanced LIBs. Furthermore, the potential applications of these binder‐free nanoarray electrodes for practical LIBs in full‐cell configuration are outlined. Finally, the future prospects of these self‐supported nanoarray electrodes are discussed.
Highlights
The rational design and fabrication of electrode materials with desirable to the new energy sources
Heterostructured nanoarrays composed of composite metal oxides have shown great potential in generating high-performance nanoarray electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)
LIBs are currently the most widely used electrochemical energy storage devices, their development has largely been limited by some bottlenecks such as low energy density, low power density, and poor cycle stability
Summary
The specific capacity of an electrode for LIBs is a key parameter to evaluate the lithium storage performance of the electrode. For metal oxides that undergo conversion reactions, such as VO2, V2O5, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Co3O4, NiO, MnO2, and NiCo2O4, the reaction mechanism can be generalized as follows: for the electrolyte and improved electrochemical reaction kinetics, and shortened charge transfer pathways, which make it easier for diffusion of Li+ ions and electrons even at large current densities during charge/discharge process. These advantageous features are of great importance for the high rate performance that needs fast charge transfer and enhanced interfacial electrochemical reaction kinetics. To this end, nanostructured metal oxide electrodes have been extensively investigated and utilized in LIBs.[26–29] In contrast to the bulk metal oxide electrodes, the nanostructured metal oxide electrodes consisting of structural units in the range of nanometer scale hold numerous virtues including higher specific surface areas, which provide more surfaces accessible
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