Abstract
High momentum transfer processes can be reliably calculated by perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD). Products of those hard processes, high transverse momentum particles, jets, and heavy quarks (hard probes), interact with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Properties of the QGP can be studied by comparing hard probe measurements in heavy-ion collisions to those in p+p collisions or from pQCD calculations. I will present recent results from STAR on hard probe measurements, including a wide range of observables: heavy flavor, dijet transverse momentum imbalance, hadron-jet correlations, γ -jet correlations, and dihadron correlations. I will discuss what we have learned from these measurements.
Highlights
The primordial universe was immersed by the most elementary particles: quarks, gluons, leptons, and photons
Hard probes are a valuable tool to study the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in nuclear (AA) collisions because their initial production can be reliably calculated by perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) or measured in proton+proton collisions
One central question is how the QGP quickly thermalizes from the initial non-equilibrium state of heavy-ion collisions
Summary
The primordial universe was immersed by the most elementary particles: quarks, gluons, leptons, and photons This extremely high energy density state–the quark-gluon plasma (QGP)–is created in today’s laboratory by relativistic heavy-ion collisions [1,2,3]. Hard probes are a valuable tool to study the QGP in nuclear (AA) collisions because their initial production can be reliably calculated by perturbative QCD (pQCD) or measured in proton+proton (pp) collisions. The effect of their interactions with the QGP can, be studied by comparing AA collisions to pp collisions and/or pQCD calculations. The following hard probe results are reviewed: heavy quark production and collective flow, dijet transverse momentum (pT ) imbalance, hadron-jet correlations, γ-hadron correlations, and dihadron correlations
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