Abstract
In this review, we describe recent relevant advances in the fabrication of polymeric nanofibers to address challenges in conventional approaches such as electrospinning, namely low throughput and productivity with low size uniformity, assembly with a regulated structure and even architecture, and location with desired alignments and orientations. The efforts discussed have mainly been devoted to realize novel apparatus designed to resolve individual issues that have arisen, i.e., eliminating ejection tips of spinnerets in a simple electrospinning system by effective control of an applied electric field and by using mechanical force, introducing a uniquely designed spinning apparatus including a solution ejection system and a collection system, and employing particular processes using a ferroelectric material and reactive precursors for atomic layer deposition. The impact of these advances to ultimately attain a fabrication technique to solve all the issues simultaneously is highlighted with regard to manufacturing high-quality nanofibers with high- throughput and eventually, practically implementing the nanofibers in cutting-edge applications on an industrial scale.
Highlights
Nanofibers belong to a group of most interesting and promising materials due to their unique physicochemical properties, i.e., extraordinary porosity with interconnectivity between pores in mats, mechanical flexibility and strength, high surface area, and high applicability to fabricate composites with other materials [1,2,3]
The double-ring basedbut electrospinning setup is quite similar made from polytetrafluoroethylene to insulate the current, the outer and inner rings aretocomposed conventional single needle spinneret (SNS) electrospinning; spinneret, syringe pump, high-voltage of copper to effectively apply an electrical field to the polymer solution
The double-ring slit needleless spinneret (DRSNS) was mounted on a pedestal, and the polymer solution was injected into the the polymer solution is allowed to be stretched out to form nanofibers
Summary
Nanofibers belong to a group of most interesting and promising materials due to their unique physicochemical properties, i.e., extraordinary porosity with interconnectivity between pores in mats, mechanical flexibility and strength, high surface area, and high applicability to fabricate composites with other materials [1,2,3]. Since the 1980s up to now, the electrospinning technique has widely been utilized due to the accessibility and applicability to nanotechnology It has been rapidly evolved in its practical use on the basis of fundamental studies on significant aspects of the electrospinning process [15]. In the perspective the materials, there has been significant limitation on the range(Figure of materials the perspective of the materials, there has been a significant limitation on the range of materials used used in the fabrication; for example, some polymers, such as polyolefins, with poor solubility in a inrange the fabrication; polymers, such as polyolefins, withaspoor solubility in apolymer range of solvents,for or example, with highsome electrical resistivity, cannot be utilized a homogeneous ofsolution solvents, or with high electrical resistivity, cannot be utilized as a homogeneous polymer solution where reasonable electrical conductivity is required [19] Considering these issues, much where reasonable electrical conductivity is required [19].spinning.
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