Abstract
The notable toxicological impacts of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its main metabolite, aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), on human being health make the evaluation of food quality highly significant. Due to the toxicity of those metabolites—even very low content in foodstuffs—it is crucial to design a sensitive and reliable procedure for their detection. Electrochemical aptamer-based biosensors are considered the most encouraging option, based on multi-placed analysis, rapid response, high sensitivity and specificity. The present review specifically emphasizes the potential utilization of the electrochemical aptasensors for determining the AFM1 and AFB1 with different electrodes.
Highlights
It is widely accepted that mycotoxins are fungal toxic metabolites able to contaminate food materials.experts are currently attracted by these metabolites because of the presence of mycotoxin in the food products which results in pertinent negative impact on the humans’ health and environment.Notably, the immunosuppressive, teratogenic, nephrotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic are their major impacts
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements are widely used in the field of electrochemical sensors and biosensors which are performed in the presence of a redox agent, to measure the molecular interactions of electrochemically inactive compounds taking place on the electrode surface for characterization and diagnostics as well as a quantitative detection method
In a majority of the electrochemical aptasensors, immobilization of the aptamers is performed on an electrode substrate so that they are free in interacting with the intended analyte in the sample
Summary
It is widely accepted that mycotoxins are fungal toxic metabolites able to contaminate food materials. Aflatoxins (AFs) as one of the highly poisonous compounds obtain intensive attention which are able to contaminate multiple foodstuffs like corn, cotton seeds, peanuts, almond, nuts, pistachio, figs, spices, cheese as well as milk in diverse beverages and foodstuffs. They have essential resistance even at increased temperature, and can tolerate the cooking procedures [1,2,3]. The European Community levels are more restrictive; four micrograms kg−1 total aflatoxin in food for human consumption is the maximum acceptable limit, which is the strictest in standard worldwide. We reviewed the aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors that are designed to determine AFM1 and AFB1
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