Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are a highly valuable substrate for the attachment of homogeneous inorganic and organic containing catalysts. This review deals with the very recent main advances in the development of various nanocatalytic systems by the immobilisation of homogeneous catalysts onto magnetic nanoparticles. We discuss magnetic core shell nanostructures (e.g., silica or polymer coated magnetic nanoparticles) as substrates for catalyst immobilisation. Then we consider magnetic nanoparticles bound to inorganic catalytic mesoporous structures as well as metal organic frameworks. Binding of catalytically active small organic molecules and polymers are also reviewed. After that we briefly deliberate on the binding of enzymes to magnetic nanocomposites and the corresponding enzymatic catalysis. Finally, we draw conclusions and present a future outlook for the further development of new catalytic systems which are immobilised onto magnetic nanoparticles.
Highlights
Catalysts play a very important role in modern science and technology as they improve reaction yields, reduce temperatures of chemical processes and promote specific enantioselectivity in Nanomaterials 2014, 4 asymmetric synthesis
Homogeneous catalysts can react very fast and provide a good conversion rate per molecule of the catalyst, but since they are miscible in the reaction medium, it can be a painstaking process to remove them from the reaction medium [3]
Several types of magnetic nanostructures have developed for the use of catalysis [17,18], including the preparation of nanocomposite materials consisting of magnetic core nanoparticles which have been coated by the shell of other catalytically active nanomaterials
Summary
Catalysts play a very important role in modern science and technology as they improve reaction yields, reduce temperatures of chemical processes and promote specific enantioselectivity in Nanomaterials 2014, 4 asymmetric synthesis. Several types of magnetic nanostructures have developed for the use of catalysis [17,18], including the preparation of nanocomposite materials consisting of magnetic core nanoparticles which have been coated by the shell of other catalytically active nanomaterials For example this shell coating can be photocatalytic TiO2 [19] as well as metal nanoparticles such as platinum [20]. In another paper by the same group, magnetic nanoparticle-supported chiral DMAP analogue was highly active in promoting the kinetic resolution of sec-alcohols with synthetically useful selectivity under ambient temperature, low catalyst loading, and using acetic anhydride as the acylating agent The use of this catalyst enabled the isolation of resolved alcohols with good to excellent enantiomeric excess. The current review considers only the most recent developments in this field during the last few years
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