Abstract
The oceans have been the Earth’s most valuable source of food. They have now also become a valuable and versatile source of bioactive compounds. The significance of marine organisms as a natural source of new substances that may contribute to the food sector and the overall health of humans are expanding. This review is an update on the recent studies of functional seafood compounds (chitin and chitosan, pigments from algae, fish lipids and omega-3 fatty acids, essential amino acids and bioactive proteins/peptides, polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and minerals) focusing on their potential use as nutraceuticals and health benefits.
Highlights
The raw foods, functional foods or dietary supplements that contain bioactive molecules and have ability to provide health benefits beyond their nutritional value are known as “nutraceuticals” [1]
The potential mechanism of chitosan and chitin antimicrobial action is based on the polycationic nature of the biopolymer which interact with negatively charged surface components of many microorganisms, in turn leading to leakage of cellular substances, and subsequent, cell death [15]
Their results suggested that the anti-obesity effect of surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers (SDCH-NF) might be due to changes in the gut microflora population
Summary
The raw foods, functional foods or dietary supplements that contain bioactive molecules and have ability to provide health benefits (prevention and treatment of disease) beyond their nutritional value are known as “nutraceuticals” [1]. This review paper provides an overview of diverse marine-based beneficial compounds with great potential as nutraceuticals or application in the food industry that have been in the focus of research in recent years. These include chitin, chitosan, pigments, polysaccharides, and polyphenols from algae, fish oil, fatty acids (FA), essential amino acids (EAA), peptides, gelatin, vitamins, minerals, and dopamine. Many of them have strong biological properties but are prone to deterioration, nanotechnology was reported as a way to protect these compounds and enhance their bioavailability after their application
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