Abstract
In vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been recently proposed for the extraction, clean-up and preconcentration of analytes of biological and clinical concern. Bioanalysis can be performed by sampling exo- or endogenous compounds directly in living organisms with minimum invasiveness. In this context, innovative and miniaturized devices characterized by both commercial and lab-made coatings for in vivo SPME tissue sampling have been proposed, thus assessing the feasibility of this technique for biomarker discovery, metabolomics studies or for evaluating the environmental conditions to which organisms can be exposed. Finally, the possibility of directly interfacing SPME to mass spectrometers represents a valuable tool for the rapid quali- and quantitative analysis of complex matrices. This review article provides a survey of in vivo SPME applications focusing on the extraction of tissues, cells and simple organisms. This survey will attempt to cover the state-of- the-art from 2014 up to 2019.
Highlights
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [1] is a widely used extraction technique recently applied for in vivo and ex vivo analysis
Since molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are usually incompatible with macromolecules, requiring clean-up, a restricted molecularly imprinted solid-phase microextraction (RAMIPs-SPME) coating a preliminary clean-up, a restricted molecularly imprinted solid-phase microextraction has been proposed by Wang and coworkers for the selective determination of hesperetin and its (RAMIPs-SPME) coating has been proposed by Wang and coworkers for the selective determination metabolites in rat livers [30]
The compounds extracted by in vivo ultra-performance-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), showing the RAMIPs-SPME were analyzed by ultra-performance-liquid chromatography-tandem mass highest affinity and enrichment capability of the developed coating with respect to both other MIPs spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), showing the highest affinity and enrichment capability of the and commercially available PDMS and DVB fibers
Summary
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [1] is a widely used extraction technique recently applied for in vivo and ex vivo analysis. The development of in vivo/ex vivo SPME-based methods can be of paramount importance in medicine and veterinary medicine, when rapid decisions need to be taken during or immediately after surgery in order to establish the proper therapeutic protocol [7,8]. Metabolomic studies are another field of interest: detecting metabolites is critical for interpreting the health status or disease conditions of living organisms [9,10]. Detection of pollutants deriving from both anthropogenic and natural sources in living plants and animals can be useful to achieve information about the environmental conditions to which the organisms are exposed [11]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
