Abstract
To identify, in the scientific literature, real and illusory perceptions of adult patients in induced coma. This is an integrative review of 15 primary studies from the Medline, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL and SCOPUS databases. The main memories reported after induced coma were thirst, cold, and pain. In some studies, patients reported they were unable to tell whether they were awake or dreaming, whether it was real or unreal. Satisfactory memories were reported by patients related to the care received and the use of bedside journals. Evidence showed a number of studies aiming to identify delirium, but without a focus on analyzing real or illusory perceptions of patients after induced coma. Thus, this integrative review identified scientific evidence of memories related to perceptions of sedated patients in the intensive care unit.
Highlights
In clinical practice, a coma generates many doubts, fears, and curious facts, due to the way it happens, but especially regarding the perceptions of individuals in this condition
Sedation is indicated for the control of anxiety and pain, use of mechanical ventilation, and as an adjuvant therapy for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), when reducing brain function is necessary to prevent edema and increased intracranial pressure[3]
The PICO strategy was used to formulate the guiding question for this study, where P refers to the study population; I means the studied intervention or the variable of interest; C refers to the comparison to another intervention; and O refers to the outcome of interest
Summary
A coma generates many doubts, fears, and curious facts, due to the way it happens, but especially regarding the perceptions of individuals in this condition. For the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, a coma is a deep state of unconsciousness from which an individual has not been awakened. During this period, higher brain functions are lost while other key functions such as breathing are intact.[2]. Sedation as physicians call it, occurs with the administration of sedative drugs that reduce brain function and maintain vital functions with the help of technologies available for the treatment of critical patients. Sedation is indicated for the control of anxiety and pain, use of mechanical ventilation, and as an adjuvant therapy for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), when reducing brain function is necessary to prevent edema and increased intracranial pressure[3]
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