Abstract

Summary. Three species presently referred to Psychotria subgen. Heteropsychotria are shown by cladistic analysis of nucleotide sequence variation in the rpsl6 intron (cpDNA) to form a strongly supported monophyletic group. It is suggested that this group be recognized taxonomically as a separate genus of the tribe Psychotrieae. The group includes the type species of Carapichea, C. guianensis, and Carapichea thus becomes the correct name of the genus. Morphologically, Carapichea is characterized by having stipules that are not shed by formation of an abscission layer, leaves that dry greenish or greyish, aperturate pollen, and planoconvex pyrenes with an adaxial furrow and preformed germination slits on abaxial ridges, but not along the margins. Two new combinations are made, Carapichea affinis (Standl.) L. Andersson and C. ipecacuanha (Brot.) L. Andersson. The rhizomes of C. ipecacuanha are the source of the drug ipecac.

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