Raymond Carr, editor. <italic>The Republic and the Civil War in Spain</italic>. (Problems in Focus Series.) [New York:] St. Martin's Press. 1971. Pp. x, 275. $10.00 and Pierre Broué and Emile Témime. <italic>The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain</italic>. Translated by Tony White Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. 1972. Pp. 590. $12.50

Journal Article The Republic and the Civil War in Spain Get access The Republic and the Civil War in Spain. Ed. By Raymond Carr. London, Basingstoke: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's Press. 1971. 275 pp. Index. (Problems in Focus series.) £3.90. Geoffrey Ribbans Geoffrey Ribbans Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 48, Issue 1, January 1972, Pages 127–128, https://doi.org/10.2307/2613669 Published: 01 January 1972

Book Review| January 01 2011 The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain. Pierre Broué and Emile Témime. William A. Pelz William A. Pelz Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal for the Study of Radicalism (2011) 5 (1): 135–137. https://doi.org/10.2307/41889951 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation William A. Pelz; The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain. Journal for the Study of Radicalism 1 January 2011; 5 (1): 135–137. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/41889951 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveMichigan State University PressJournal for the Study of Radicalism Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. © 2011 Michigan State University Board of Trustees2011 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Journal Article The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain Get access The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain. By Pierre Broué and Emile Témime. Trans. by Tony White. London: Faber. 1972. 590 pp. Illus. Maps. Bibliog. Index. £6.00. W. Horsfall Carter W. Horsfall Carter Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 48, Issue 3, July 1972, Pages 502–503, https://doi.org/10.2307/2612757 Published: 01 July 1972

The article deals with the analysis of publications of British Fascists newspapers 'Action' and 'The Blackshirt' during the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. The main directions of image of enemy formation are studied on the example of these papers. Forms of presentation and ways of international problems interpreting by far-right publications are studied. The fascist newspaper Action, The Fascist Week and The Blackshirt spoke from the position of nationalism, Imperial identity, anti-liberalism, anti-Soviet and anti-Semitism. The concept of "communism" in the pages of the fascist press has accumulated the most precisely the image of enemy. Articles and notes shaped confusion between "Soviet", "red" and "Communist". The USSR seemed to be "the warmonger" and the "architect of the Civil war in Spain". The destructive role of Soviet Russia in the conflict was proved in the British fascist press. Soviet Union was accused of seeking to plunge Spain and Europe into anarchy. In British fascist publications trend towards stereotyping and myth-making were noticeable, they were opposed to "Western" civilization (as individualistic) and "Eastern", "Communist" (oppressive, traditionalist).

The author explores responses to political violence through the materiality of three aspects of the Civil War in Spain: military lines in the battle for Madrid, a concentration camp in Extremadura and a remote settlement of forced labourers and their families. He shows how archaeology's revelations reflect, qualify and enrich the story of human survival under the pall cast by a dictatorship. Sharing the inquiry with the public of today also revealed some of the disquieting mechanisms by which history is composed and how archaeology can be used to deconstruct it.

List of Tables - Acknowledgements - List of Abbreviations - Introduction - PART 1 BASIC PRINCIPLES 1917-24 - 'Anti-Parliamentarism' and 'Communism' - The Russian Revolution - The Labour Party - Trade Unions and Industrial Organisation - PART 2 CONTINUITY AND CHANGE 1925-35 - The Late Twenties and Early Thirties - The Split in the APCF and Formation of the USM - PART 3 CAPITALIST WAR AND CLASS WAR - The Civil War in Spain - The Second World War - A Balance Sheet - Notes - References/Select Bibliography - Index

Jurisdiction — In Ports and National Waters — Jurisdiction by Consul Regarding Disputes between Master and Crew — Civil War in Spain — Competence of Dutch Courts.

"When historians take women’s movements and gender differences in organizations... seriously, this book will become part of the canon.... a forthright effort to view women’s participation in politics in exciting new ways."�-American Historical Review"The work not only fills a gap in knowledge of women’s radical politics, but also addresses current concerns of feminist scholars." -Choice"The book brings us something of the excitement of the revolutionary possibility lived by these women-and the frustration of their encounter with male resistance to including women’s emancipation in the revolutionary program."�-Signs"Theirs is a story of commitment and creativity, of steadfastness and practicality, of communal endeavour and the bleak individual fate of defeat, hardship, and exile."�-Gender and History"Ackelsberg, in the roles of both historian and activist, has crafted a volume that speaks to a wide variety of interests.... Her story is rich with the memories and voices of women... "�-The Women’s Review of Books"The author examines the autonomous women's liberation organization in late-1930s Spain, which represented an alternative to the individualistic perspectives characterizing mainstream feminist movements of the time." -Smith Alumnae Quarterly"... particularly strong on the ideology and organization of this radical women's group of the late 1930s." -Society for Spanish and Portuguese Historical Studies Bulletin"Ackelsberg gives the reader a fine explanation of the Spanish events, the general perspective of anarchism and the inspiring goals and struggles of Mujeres Libres." -Fifth EstateAckelsberg explores the development of Mujeres Libres, founded in 1936 during the Civil War in Spain as an organization dedicated to the liberation of women from their triple enslavement-to ignorance, as women, and as producers.

The article presents an analysis of the origin of the policy of non-intervention in the civil war in Spain in 1936. The archival materials of the Foreign Office’s fund (National Archives, London) make it pos-sible to widen greatly our knowledge about genesis and character of that policy, to argue the version about Great Britain as an initiator of non-intervention. Many factors influenced this process: interests of British monopolies, strategic and political considerations, such as anti-Communism of the elite of British society, their sympathy towards the rebels of Franco, wish of official London to make it possible for the left parties in France, neighbouring to Spain, not to acquire stronger positions. Non-intervention turned against the Spanish Republic, made it easier for Germany and Italy under cover of it to carry massive intervention on side of the rebels which ensured Franco’s victory in the civil war. On the basis of unknown documents of the Foreign Office the author gives an analysis of complicated diplomatic struggle of the Powers in the beginning of the civil war in Spain.

France and the Spanish Civil War: Cultural Representations of the War Next Door, 1936–1945France Divided: The French and the Civil War in Spain <i>France and the Spanish Civil War: Cultural Representations of the War Next Door, 1936–1945</i> . By M <scp>artin</scp> H <scp>urcombe</scp> . Farnham: Ashgate, 2011. 254 pp. <i>France Divided: The French and the Civil War in Spain</i> .

Book Review: The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain <i>The Revolution and the Civil War in Spain</i> , by BrouéPierre and TémineEmil. Translated by WhiteTony. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The M.I.T. Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1970. $ 15.00. Pp. 516.

Reviewed by: Visual Propaganda, Exhibitions, and the Spanish Civil War by Miriam M. Basilio Yves Laberge Visual Propaganda, Exhibitions, and the Spanish Civil War. Miriam M. Basilio. Farnham and Burlington: Ashgate Publishing, 2013. Pp. xvi + 304. $119.95 (cloth). In her first monograph (possibly a derivate from her doctoral dissertation from 2002), Professor Miriam M. Basilio from New York University positions her interdisciplinary research into three salient trajectories related to Spanish history: the visual culture and political propaganda; the politicized posters from the 1930s; and the memory of the 1936–39 civil war in Spain. These intertwined topics are not totally new if considered individually, but there are relatively few books in English that have centered these perspectives upon visual history in an effort to understand the dynamics and redefinitions of the nation in its transition into fascism. Incidentally, some portions of this substantial book have already appeared elsewhere, mainly in scholarly journals (cited on xvi, 276). Although this book primarily covers the years 1936–1940, especially in her last chapter Basilio also studies many recent retellings of the era. That time period marks the early days of modern propaganda, corresponding to the darkest strategies of public outreach practiced by Germany’s Nazi regime. Basilio’s main point is to conceptualize the Spanish Civil War through contemporary theoretical approaches, centered on citizenship, national identity, memory studies, and the public sphere (in the Habermasian sense): “I argue that rival political factions within the Republican and nationalist camps placed questions of national identity and historical memory at the forefront of visual-propaganda campaigns and exhibitions” (1). Despite the complexity of this situation, her methodological approach is nuanced, considering the various trends and influences of this era: Catholicism, the heritage of Spanish colonialism, and the sentiment of national pride (208). In her impressive corpus, Basilio has chosen a wide array of vintage images, posters, cartoons, and various advertisements, either pro or against the advent of a new republic in Spain. Most of these forgotten images are reproduced here in black and white, with a few exceptions in color. The author studies how various exhibitions of these images have been conceptualized, conceived, and perceived by audiences, as in the unforgettable Paris World Fair of 1937, for example, when “the Spanish republican government presented a remarkable modernist pavilion,” which included Pablo Picasso’s latest masterpiece Guernica (174). The analysis is broadly conceptualized into several theoretical frameworks, for example in Basilio’s study of masculinity in some sketches of the Spanish military junta (29). The number of combatants involved was impressive then: as tangible proof of these vast propaganda efforts, “the junta issued approximately 40 posters, many reproduced as postcards in editions up to 50,000” (29). This book comes into five chapters, highlighting the social construction of the imagined nation of Spain (Chapter 1); observing how art, museums, and world fairs were used as vehicles for propaganda (Chapter 2); analyzing how the new nation was redefined (Chapter 3); showing how roots and patrimony were recuperated (Chapter 4); and finally asking how the persistent memory of civil war can be revisited and represented in the twenty-first century (Chapter 5). As she attempts to address these complex questions, Basilio admits that she cannot provide answers to all of them: after so many decades, it is now almost impossible to know exactly how individual citizens really reacted to these propaganda campaigns and exhibitions—whether they adhered to or resisted them—in the early days of the Spanish Civil War (2). As such, Visual Propaganda, Exhibitions, and the Spanish Civil War is not just a book about Catalan history. Chapter 5 concludes with questions about how these events are represented by contemporary Spanish artists in the twenty-first century and raises some issues related to memory [End Page 1049] (what we retain from the past), amnesia (what is forgotten or what remains undiscussed), and human rights (especially how citizens were manipulated by political propaganda and effectively forced into a dictatorship) in the context of images from artists such as Fernando Bryce (232–33). Recent images from Francesc Torres’s photography project, “Dark is the Room Where We Sleep,” such as a black-and-white photograph showing a hand...

An examination of the image of the Russian purges in two of the main papers of the British left is of especial interest. The 1930s was an era of intense political involvement for the left. A state of latent class conflict existed in France and even Britain, conflict that erupted into open civil war in Spain during the years of the purges in the Soviet Union. The nazis in Germany menaced the values and heritage of the western Enlightenment and represented a disruptive force diplomatically, a threat to the whole balance of power in Europe. It is in this context that the position of Soviet Russia and international communism became extremely important. To many on the left, the Soviet Union appeared to be an essential counterweight to the military threat of nazi Germany, to be aiding the forces of progress in Spain and to be leading the Popular Front against fascism. Yet it was during the years 193638, the very years of the Civil War in Spain, of the Anschluss and of Munich, that the great terror in the Soviet Union erupted on an unprecedented scale, both in its tremendous scope and in the intensity of the macabre dramas at the Moscow court room. Two immediate problems faced the left in Britain in their reactions to the purges and the Moscow Treason Trials. There was the moral dilemma of recognizing and condoning or condemning injustice committed by an ally in the struggle against fascism. The spectacle of broken old revolutionaries publicly degraded was profoundly disturbing. There was also the problem of analysis and interpretation; what was the significance of the purges in Soviet history; were they a temporary or permanent phenomenon? For the left there were difficulties in reconciling the scope of Yezhovization terror with Bolshevik claims that they were implementing 'Marxism' in the Soviet

Background. The article is devoted to the problem of reconstruction of collective memory in Alberto Méndez's novel "The blind sunflowers" (2004). Méndez's book is a part of contemporary Spanish narratives that, since the 1990s, have witnessed the emergence of the so-called "memory boom", a trend in literature and cinema aimed at preserving, restoring and transmitting the memory of the tragic events of Spanish Civil War and Franco repression. The purpose of the research is to reveal the ways and mechanisms of reproduction and elaboration of traumatic collective memory in "The blind sunflowers" by Méndez. Methods. The study is based on the following methods: a historical-cultural approach and "memory studies", which made it possible to determine the place of the Alberto Mendez's novel in the context of the Spanish "literature of memory" beginning 21st century; the narratological and intertextual approaches were used to investigate various techniques of the author's creation of a polyphonic narrative in four stories that make up the book, and which represent different voices of the same past, functioning as symbols of restoring the memory of defeat. Results. The artistic recreation in "The Blind Sunflowers" of the traumatic experience of the events and consequences of the Civil War in Spain was investigated in dichotomies typical of the depicted historical moment: winners-losers, victim-executioner, death-life, memory-oblivion and voice-silence. The analysis of this traumatic context in the novel proved that writing (the voice of memory) functions as one of the main ways of preserving the experience of erased generations, restoring life after physical death, and as a guarantee of resistance to oblivion. Conclusion. The reconstruction of the memory of the Civil War in Spain and its consequences during the period of Francoism as one of the leading trends in modern Spanish literature demonstrates the still openness of collective trauma and, accordingly, the need to find ways to overcome it. In view of this, the approach proposed by Méndez in "The Blind Sunflowers" to restore and transmit memory through a collective discourse of defeat becomes a significant step towards healing the unhealed wounds of a society traumatized by war and a dictatorial regime, as it emphasizes not only the importance of the grieving process in overcoming tragedies, but also attests to the creation of literature as a space of memory, in which the past is reproduced as a voice that breaks the silence and overcomes oblivion, not allowing to turn the page and close the past.

в статье рассматривается актуальная проблема добровольчества в ходе вооруженного конфликта – гражданской войны в Испании 1936–1939 гг. Предпринята попытка выявления мотивов, которые побудили сорок тысяч добровольцев из пятидесяти четырех стран принять участие в гражданской войне на стороне Испанской Республики. Дается характеристика социального состава добровольцев, на восемьдесят процентов состоявшего из представителей рабочего класса. Подчеркивается наличие большого количества интеллектуалов из западных стран – писателей, журналистов, художников, в среде которых родилось понятие добровольчества в Испании как «крестового похода левых», – проекта, в основе которого лежал «чистый» идеализм его участников. Отмечается, что основными мотивами участия в войне для представителей рабочего класса было чувство пролетарской интернациональной солидарности с трудящимися Испании и стойкие антифашистские убеждения. Антифашизм также был главенствующим мотивом многочисленных представителей левой интеллектуальной элиты из западных стран. Для добровольцев из стран с фашистскими и авторитарными режимами одним из важных мотивов была борьба за свободу и демократию. В числе менее значимых мотивов называются стремление сделать политическую карьеру в случае успешного участия в гражданской войне, психологическая несовместимость с традиционным западным обществом, возможность для безработных найти себе применение в Испании в качестве солдата республиканской армии, наконец, имели место отдельные случаи авантюризма и меркантилизма. Подчеркивается важное военное и морально‑психологическое значение добровольческого движения в ходе борьбы за демократию против фашизма в Испании. the article deals with the actual and in modern conditions the problem of volunteerism during the armed conflict – the civil war in Spain of 1936‑1939. The article attempts to identify the motives that prompted forty thousand volunteers from fifty‑four countries to take part in the civil war on the side of the Spanish Republic. The author characterizes the social composition of volunteers, eighty percent of which consisted of representatives of the working class. It is emphasized that there are a large number of intellectuals from Western countries – writers, journalists, artists, among whom the concept of volunteerism was born in Spain as a "crusade of the left" – the project, which was based on the pure idealism of its participants. It is noted that the main motives for participation in the war for the working class was a sense of proletarian international solidarity with Spanish workers and strong anti‑fascist beliefs. Anti‑fascism was also characterized as a motive for many members of the leftist intellectual elite of the Western countries. For volunteers from countries with fascist and authoritarian regimes, the struggle for freedom and democracy was an important motive. Among the less significant motives are the desire to make a political career in case of successful participation in the civil war, psychological incompatibility with the traditional Western society, the opportunity for the unemployed to use their opportunities in Spain as a soldier, finally, there were some cases of adventurism and mercantilism. The importance of the military, but even more important, moral and psychological significance of the volunteer movement in the struggle for democracy against fascism in Spain is emphasized.