Abstract
“Ciguatera” fish poisoning (CFP) is one of the well-known food poisoning caused by the ingestion of fish that have accumulated trace amounts of ciguatoxins (CTXs). CFP affects more than 50,000 individuals annually. The difficulty in preventing CFP comes from the lack of reliable methods for analysis of CTXs in contaminated fish, together with the normal appearance, taste, and smell of CTX-contaminated fish. Thus, a sensitive, accurate, routine, and portable analytical method to detect CTXs is urgently required. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific against either wing of major CTX congeners (CTX1B, 54-deoxyCTX1B, CTX3C, and 51-hydroxyCTX3C) were generated by immunizing mice with rationally designed synthetic haptens-KLH conjugates instead of the CTXs. Haptenic groups with a surface area greater than 400 Å2 are required to produce mAbs that can strongly bind to CTXs. Furthermore, a highly sensitive fluorescence-based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed. This protocol can detect and quantify four major CTX congeners (CTX1B, 54-deoxyCTX1B, CTX3C, and 51-hydroxyCTX3C) with a limit of detection (LOD) of less than 1 pg/mL. The LOD determined for this sandwich ELISA is sufficient to detect CTX1B-contaminated fish at the FDA guidance level of 0.01 ppb.
Highlights
Abstract: “Ciguatera” fish poisoning (CFP) is one of the well-known food poisoning caused by the ingestion of fish that have accumulated trace amounts of ciguatoxins (CTXs)
Great progress has been made in generation of anti-CTX Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
Anti-CTX mAbs (10C9, 3D11, 8H4, and 3G8) that bind either wing of CTXs were prepared by immunization with
Summary
“Ciguatera” fish poisoning (CFP) is one of the well-known food-borne diseases caused by the ingestion of various reef fish that have accumulated trace amounts of ciguatoxins (CTXs) [1,2]. CTXs were originally produced by Gambierdiscus species of marine dinoflagellates and accumulate in various types of reef fish through bioaccumulation [1,2,7]. 54‐deoxyCTX1B, CTX3C, and 51‐hydroxyCTX3C) (Figure 1) were initially isolated in the Pacific region [8,9,10,11,12], detected in the Atlantic [13,14]. CTXs in the fishery or even at inspection stations for MAb-based immunoassays such as ELISA was expected to provide suitable methods for the sensitive, seafood. The minimal isolated from contaminated fish has prevented further development of anti-CTX antibodies. Amount of CTX isolated from contaminated fish has prevented further development of anti‐CTX rationally designed synthetic haptens instead of natural toxins were planned to produce anti-CTX antibodies. Sandwich ELISA to detect CTX congeners is summarized (Figure 2) [41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
