Abstract
AbstractThe kinetics of the isothermal dehydration of the clay minerals, montmorillonite and illite, were studied in vacuo as well as in the presence of a constant water vapour pressure. The dehydration followed a first‐order law, and the presence of water vapour led to (i) an increase in the extent of dehydration, compared with that in vacuo; (ii) a retardation to the rate of dehydration; and (iii) a great increase in the energy of activation required for the dehydration.Dehydration in vacuo appears to be diffusion‐controlled with an activation energy of 2–4 kcal/mole, whereas the desorption of water appears to control dehydration in the presence of water vapour, with an activation energy of 12–15 kcal/mole. The results are discussed in conjunction with the mechanical contraction of the layer structure, and the introduction of diffusion barriers when dehydration in vacuo takes place.
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