Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most leading potent chemotherapy drugs prescribed for the treatment of most solid tumors. However, the induction of toxicities and the development of resistance restricts its applications. Efforts are made in the proposed study to control the delivery of cisplatin to tumor sites by incorporating it into solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNs) drug carriers. By considering this fact, in the current research work, a single-step, one-pot, microwave-assisted technology was used to produce cisplatin-loaded SLNs. The shape of the SLNs was observed to be spherical, with a uniform size distribution of 74.85 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.311, and zeta potential of −20.8 mV. The percentage of encapsulation efficiency was found to be 71.85%. In vitro drug release study was calculated to be 80% in 24 h. The formulation in blood was found to be safe; a study of hemolysis confirmed this. Breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was used to test cytotoxicity and cellular interaction of cisplatin-loaded SLNs with an IC50 value of 6.51 ± 0.39 μg/mL. Overall, the results of our findings show that the approach of SLNs-based, cisplatin-based, drug delivery has led to increased sustainability in breast cancer therapy with superior biocompatibility.
Highlights
Breast cancer (BC) in women throughout the globe is one of the deadliest and secondary-most prevailing causes of mortality
Molecular biology of breast cancer is challenging because so many factors lead to breast cancer progressions, such as breast cancer gene (BRCA) [7], BRCA2 [8], p53 gene mutations [9], and crosstalk between different signaling pathways [10]
It is mainly initiated by interactions between growth factors and their receptors—mainly human epidermal growth factor receptors (HER-2) [12], vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) and their ligands [13], as well as insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF-1R) [14]
Summary
Breast cancer (BC) in women throughout the globe is one of the deadliest and secondary-most prevailing causes of mortality. Several site-specific drug delivery-based formulations using different nanocarrier systems like liposomes, dextran conjugates, as well as polymeric micelles, have been reported to improve the effective release of cisplatin and to govern its premature release [24]. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been developed as an alternative lipid carrier system due to several advantages such as enhanced drug content, controllable drug-release profiles with targeting, and effective drug profiles with excellent physical stability [28,29]. Apart from these advantages, SLNs have technological benefits, such as their large-scale production, excellent retention flexibility, biodegradability, and biocompatibility that approve their safety and further consider their generally-recognized-as-safe (GRAS) status [30]. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 510 of 12 3 of 12
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