Abstract
In this work, we report on a rapid, efficient electrochemical iodine sensor based on mechanically treated carbon nanofiber (MCNF) electrodes. The electrode’s highly graphitic content, unique microstructure, and the presence of nitrogen heteroatoms in its atomic lattice contribute to increased heterogeneous electron transfer and improved kinetics compared to conventional pyrolytic carbons. The electrode demonstrates selectivity for iodide ions in the presence of both interfering agents and high salt concentrations. The sensor exhibits clinically relevant limits of detection of 0.59 µM and 1.41 µM, in 1X PBS and synthetic urine, respectively, and a wide dynamic range between 5 µM and 700 µM. These results illustrate the advantages of the material’s unique electrochemical properties for iodide sensing, in addition to its simple, inexpensive fabrication. The reported iodine sensor eliminates the need for specimen processing, revealing its aptitude for applications in point-of-care diagnostics.
Highlights
Iodine is an essential micronutrient that plays a key role in thyroid hormone synthesis and brain development
We demonstrate the detection of clinically relevant concentrations of iodide in synthetic urine and in the presence of interfering ions by using mechanically-treated pyrolytic carbon nanofiber (MCNF) electrodes
We investigated the capability of mechanically‐treated carbon nanofibers (MCNF) as a promising platform for diagnosing both iodine deficiency (IDD) and iodine excess in urine
Summary
Iodine is an essential micronutrient that plays a key role in thyroid hormone synthesis and brain development. The goal in iodine monitoring research is to develop simple and sensitive methods for detection of iodine by using cost-effective probes that require no extra reagents or sample preparation These methods should have fast response times, low limits of detection, a wide dynamic range, and capability of detecting iodide ions in the presence of interfering substances. Various nanomaterials, such as ZnO nanotubes-functionalized gold-coated glass, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/glassy carbon composite, plasticized polyvinyl chloride with two fluorescence, graphene quantum dots/silver nanocomposites, have been used for developing iodide sensors [6,7,8,9]. The results of this study demonstrate the promising capability of MCNF sensors for rapid, qualitative detection and monitoring of iodine in urine specimens
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