Abstract
To rapidly derive a result for diffuse reflectance from a multilayered model that is equivalent to that of a Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS), we propose a combination of a layered white MCS and the adding-doubling method. For slabs with various scattering coefficients assuming a certain anisotropy factor and without absorption, we calculate the transition matrices for light flow with respect to the incident and exit angles. From this series of precalculated transition matrices, we can calculate the transition matrices for the multilayered model with the specific anisotropy factor. The relative errors of the results of this method compared to a conventional MCS were less than 1%. We successfully used this method to estimate the chromophore concentration from the reflectance spectrum of a numerical model of skin and in vivo human skin tissue.
Highlights
The reflectance of skin noninvasively provides information about the inner conditions, such as the scattering coefficients, absorption coefficients, and chromophore concentrations [1]
Increasing the number of photons increases the precision of the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), but it increases the calculation time, which may become too long to be used for the inverse problem, imaging, or interactive tools
We developed a faster method for estimating the reflectance of an arbitrary multilayered model; its results are in close agreement with those of the MCS
Summary
The reflectance of skin noninvasively provides information about the inner conditions, such as the scattering coefficients, absorption coefficients, and chromophore concentrations [1]. When deriving this information, a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) has often been used as the standard [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], since a MCS precisely follows the behavior of each photon that is scattered from or absorbed in a medium, and the range of scattering and absorption coefficients to which it can be applied is not limited. The empirical method aided by a MCS can estimate the chromophore concentrations over a wide range, it is not optimized for the estimation of the reflectance [10]
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