Abstract

Abstract Using an orthogonalisation process and by appropriate choice of angular conditions, the condition equations for the adjustment of a braced quadrilateral may be written in such a manner that solution of normal equations becomes unnecessary. This considerably shortens computation time for a manual calculation and makes it possible to write programs which will fit into small hand-held programmable calculators. In addition to this, the miscloses formed prior to computation by this method have the advantage of being statistically independent of one another and may be tested using statistical tables for the presence of gross error.

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