RAFT Dispersion Polymerization in Nonpolar Media: Polymerization of 3-Phenylpropyl Methacrylate in n-Tetradecane with Poly(stearyl methacrylate) Homopolymers as Macro Chain Transfer Agents

Abstract

Poly(stearyl methacrylate) (PSMA) homopolymers, prepared by RAFT radical polymerization, have been employed in the RAFT dispersion polymerization (RAFTDP) of 3-phenylpropyl methacrylate (PPMA) in n-tetradecane. RAFTDPs yielded block copolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions and tunable compositions and allowed for ready access to different polymorphic nanoparticle phases. Polymerization of PPMA at 20 wt %, for a fixed PSMA average degree of polymerization (Xn) of 19, allowed for the in situ preparation of soft matter nano-objects with spherical, worm, and vesicular morphologies. For a fixed block copolymer composition increasing total solids (from 10 to 40 wt %) favored the formation of nanoparticles with higher ordered morphologies. For block copolymer samples that formed soft physical gels at ambient temperature, a macroscopic thermoreversible degelation–gelation phenomenon was observed. The fundamental reason for this was a worm-to-sphere morphology transition that was facilitated, in part...