Abstract
Aim of the Work: The present wok aims to assess how to reach the optimum diagnosis of the nature and the complications of lower genitourinary tract cyst in male patient using different radiological imaging modalities. Patients and Methods: 1000 male patients were evaluated with pelvic ultrasound and if lower genitourinary tract cysts were present, the patients were further subjected to either trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS), TRUS guided aspiration for presence of spermatozoa, TRUS guided seminal vesiculography or CT urography in order to reach the origin of the cyst and the complications of its presence. Results: 14 cases were detected with lower genitourinary tract cysts among our patients with an overall incidence 1.4%; among them 3 patients with mid line prostatic cysts showed normal seminal analysis; 1 patient with prostatic cyst was infertile; 3 patients were detected with infravesical cysts after transurethral resection prostatectomy; 2 cases with small retention cysts were associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia; 1 case was detected with prostatic abscess; 1 patient was detected with unilateral ureterocele; 1 patient was detected with large pelvi abdominal unilateral seminal vesicle cyst; 1 patient was with unilateral ejaculatory duct cyst; 1 patient with small cystic dilation of prostatic urethra was associated with urethral stone.
Highlights
Cysts of the prostate gland can be classified into 6 categories, including 1) isolated medial cysts; 2) cysts of the ejaculatory duct; 3) simple or multiple cysts of the parenchyma; 4) complicated infectious or hemorrhagic cysts; 5) cystic tumors; and 6) cysts secondary to parasitic disease [1]
Patients and Methods: 1000 male patients were evaluated with pelvic ultrasound and if lower genitourinary tract cysts were present, the patients were further subjected to either trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS), TRUS guided aspiration for presence of spermatozoa, TRUS guided seminal vesiculography or CT urography in order to reach the origin of the cyst and the complications of its presence
14 cases were detected with lower genitourinary tract cysts among our patients with an overall incidence 1.4%; among them 3 patients with mid line prostatic cysts showed normal seminal analysis; 1 patient with prostatic cyst was infertile; 3 patients were detected with infravesical cysts after transurethral resection prostatectomy; 2 cases with small retention cysts were associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia; 1 case was detected with prostatic abscess; 1 patient was detected with unilateral ureterocele; 1 patient was detected with large pelvi abdominal unilateral seminal vesicle cyst; 1 patient was with unilateral ejaculatory duct cyst; 1 patient with small cystic dilation of prostatic urethra was associated with urethral stone
Summary
Cysts of the prostate gland can be classified into 6 categories, including 1) isolated medial cysts; 2) cysts of the ejaculatory duct; 3) simple or multiple cysts of the parenchyma; 4) complicated infectious or hemorrhagic cysts; 5) cystic tumors; and 6) cysts secondary to parasitic disease [1]. Seminal vesicles cysts are discovered incidentally, contain spermatozoa, may cause urinary symptoms and may be associated with unilateral renal agenesis or adult polycystic kidneys. Ejaculatory duct cysts could be congenital or acquired due to distal stenosis or obstruction which may lead to azoospermia and low or absent seminal fructose [4,5]. Prostatic cysts may be asymptomatic or may be associated with lower urinary tract irritative or obstructive symptoms and can lead to hematospermia or infertility [6,7,8,9,10,11]. Radiological evaluation of lower genitourinary tract cysts includes pelvic ultrasound, transrectal ul-
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