Abstract
Invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised patients. Prompt antifungal therapy is essential for favorable outcomes, but clinical signs and symptoms are nonspecific and mycologic confirmation is often not possible. Radiographic testing is an important adjunct to the diagnosis and management of IFDs. Early imaging has been associated with improved survival, particularly in neutropenic patients with fungal pneumonia or acute invasive fungal sinusitis. This review summarizes common radiologic appearances of IFDs of the lung, sinus, and brain. The advantages and limitations of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are discussed as are recent developments in nuclear medicine and proton MR spectroscopy technology.
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