Abstract

目的 评价X线胸片、超声心动图、核素肺灌注扫描、电子束CT(EBCT)、MR肺动脉造影(MRPA)、肺动脉造影(PAG)在肺动脉栓塞(PTE)诊断中的应用价值.方法 自2003年7月至2004年3月间临床确诊的PTE患者25例.常规行胸部正侧位摄片、超声心动图、EBCT肺动脉造影、核素肺灌注扫描、MRPA及PAG.PAG由2名有经验医师共同分析每一支肺动脉及其叶段分支,诊断意见作为标准并与其他方法进行对照.结果 PAG技术成功率100%,775个受检肺动脉分支中共检出556个分支受累(71.7%).25例患者中X线胸片提示诊断12例.超声心动图诊断9例,右房室增大21例,肺动脉高压18例.核素肺灌注显像结果显示500个肺段中有247个肺段受累(52.0%),与PAG对照对段的敏感度为64.66%.EBCT肺动脉造影(EBCTPA)的分析显示775个肺肺动脉分支中共有523个主干及叶段分支受累,段以上分支敏感度为94.06%;10例行MRPA的患者中8例检查成功,248各肺动脉分类中共155个分支受累(62.5%),段以上敏感度为81.29%.结论 EBCT对PTE的诊断具有较高的敏感度,X线胸片和超声心动图为必不可少的检查手段,EBCT可作为一线影像学诊断方法,核素肺灌注扫描及MRPA可作为二线诊断方法。

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