Abstract
Radiopharmacy was developed from the necessity of human body studies by images with greater precision, sensibility and diagnosis early to a strong request of Nuclear Medicine. Historically the radiopharmacy is associated with the discovery of radioactivity and also with the pioneer studies related with this subject by Henri Becquerel, Pierre Curie and Marie Curie. The radiopharmaceuticals are complex compounds constituted by a radionuclide (radioactive isotope) responsible by radioactivity emission bound to non-radioactive molecule that exhibits biological affinity for an organ or system, aiming diagnostic or therapeutic purpose. The diagnostic using images by radiopharmaceuticals administration is a consolidated area of this science, representing approximately 95% of all nuclear medicine procedures. The images are acquired by means of the radiation emitted by radiopharmaceutical inside in the body unlike conventional images techniques. The acquisition of the images by radiopharmaceuticals allow morphological and functional evaluation of target organs. According to radionuclide emission type of interest, the molecular bases imaging obtained with use of radiopharmaceuticals can be performed by two basic techniques, SPECT and PET, which allow investigating, qualitatively and quantitatively, the metabolic activity or function of a particular organ or system. In summary, SPECT and PET images constitute a diagnostic procedure safe, minimally invasive, and of high value to study of different systems, contributing to many benefits to the patient.
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