Quantum polarization tomography with all-dielectric metasurfaces

Abstract

Measurements of quantum states of photons are conventionally performed with series of optical elements in bulk setups [1] or optical chips incorporating multiple tunable beam splitters. Here, we suggest and develop experimentally, for the first time to our knowledge, a new concept of quantum-polarization measurements with a single all-dielectric resonant metasurface [2]. The operating principle is presented in Fig. 1(a): A metasurface spatially splits different components of photon polarization states, which then enables full reconstruction of the photon state based on the photon correlations with simple polarization-insensitive single-photon detectors or EMCCD cameras. The subwavelength thin structure provides an ultimate miniaturization, and can facilitate quantum tomography by spatially-resolved imaging without a need for reconfiguration. Such parallel-detection approach promises not only better robustness and scalability, but also the possibihty to study the dynamics of quantum states in real-time.